VALERIAN FAMILY 821 



oblique, about 5 mm. wide. Mountains: Wyo. N.M. Utah. Mont. Alp. 

 Je-Au. 



11. V. occidentalis Heller. Stem 5-8 dm. high, glabrous or sparingly 

 puberulent; basal leaves petioled, thin, simple, elliptic or spatulate, entire, 2-8 

 mm. long; stem-leaves 2-4 pairs, pinnate, with 3-9 leaflets, those of the lower 

 leaves elliptic, those of the upper narrowly lanceolate; inflorescence open; 

 corolla white, of the pistillate flowers, 3-3.5 mm. long, 3-4 mm. broad; fruit 

 glabrous, 5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide. Wet places in the mountains: Mont. Colo. 



-Utah Wash. B.C. Submont. Mont. Je-Au. 



12. V. Scouleri Rydb. Stem glabrous; basal leaves simple or 3-5-f oliolate ; 

 blade or terminal leaflet obovate or orbicular, the lateral ones elliptic; stem-leaves 

 3-7-f oliolate ; leaflets oval or elliptic or those of the upper leaves lanceolate; 

 flowers usually perfect; corolla white; fruit glabrous, 6 mm. long, 2 mm. wide. 

 Wet- places: B.C. Alta. Mont. Ore. Submont. Mont. Je-Au. 



13. V. sitchensis Bong. Stem 4-7 dm. high, glabrous or nearly so; stem- 

 leaves 3-5-f oliolate ; leaflets of the lower ones broadly ovate, of the upper lance- 

 olate, 5-8 cm. long, sparingly pilose or nearly glabrous; basal leaves similar or 

 simple, usually none at flowering time; cyme short and corymbiform; flowers 

 mostly perfect; fruit glabrous, 6 mm. long, 2 mm. broad. ^Yet places: Alaska 



Ore. Ida. Yukon. Submont. Mont. Jl-Au. 



FAMILY 128. ARISTOLOCHIACEAE. BIRTHWORT FAMILY. 



Perennial herbs or vines. Leaves alternate, or basal, petioled. Flowers 

 perfect, regular or irregular. Hypanthium usually well developed, often 

 wholly enclosing the ovary. Calyx regular or irregular, mostly of 3 sepals. 

 Corolla wanting. Stamens 6 to many; filaments either free or adnate to 

 the style column. Styles united; ovary 4-6-celled; ovules many in each 

 cavity. Fruit a capsule. Seeds numerous; endosperm fleshy. 



1. ASARUM (Tourn.) L. WILD GINGER. 



Perennial acaulescent herbs, with elongate rootstocks. Leaves 2, basal, 

 petioled; blades cordate or reniform. Flowers perfect, regular, solitary, on a 

 scape arising between the leaves. Hypanthium well developed, campanulate, 

 enclosing the ovary, angled. Sepals 3, inflexed in bud. Stamens 12, free. 

 Ovary inferior, 6-celled; styles 6, united. 



1. A. caudatum Lindl. Leaf-blades cordate-reniform, acutish at the apex, 

 sparingly pubescent on the veins, 5-10 cm. broad; peduncle 1-3 cm. long; calyx- 

 lobes lanceolate, caudate-attenuate, 2.5-5 cm. long. Woods and thickets: B.C. 

 -Ida. Calif. Submont. Mont. Ap-Jl. 



FAMILY 129. CUCURBITACEAE. GOURD FAMILY. 



Annual or perennial succulent herbs, trailing or climbing by means of 

 tendrils. Leaves alternate, palmately veined or lobed, usually rough-hairy. 

 Flowers usually axillary, monoecious or dioecious. Calyx of 4-6, more or 

 less united sepals, imbricate. Corolla of as many petals which are more or 

 less united. Stamens 1-5, often 3, two with 2-celled and one with 1-celled 

 anthers ; filaments distinct or united; anthers extrorse, often twisted. Gynoe- 

 cium of a compound pistil; ovary 1-3-celled; styles terminal, united; stigma 

 thick, dilated, or ringed. Fruit a pepo (large fleshy or dry berry with thick 

 rind). Seeds usually numerous, flat and horizontal; endosperm wanting: 

 embryo straight, with thick cotyledons. 



Fruit large, with a tough rind, 1-celled, with 3-5 placentae and numerous seeds; corolla 

 large, yellow, campanulate; flowers solitary in the axils. 1. CUCURBITA. 



Fruit spiny, becoming papery and spqngiose, 2-3-celled; seeds few; corolla white, rotate; 

 staminate flowers racemose or paniculate. 2. MlCRAMPELls. 



