LOBELIA FAMILY 825 



Aquatic plants with two kinds of flowers, the submerged ones cleistogamous pod 

 splitting on one side. 2. HOWELLIA. 



Land plants of wet situations; flowers all alike; pod splitting lengthwise by 1-3 



slits, but the valves remaining united at the apex. 3. BOLELIA. 



Hypanthium turbinate or oblong; pod 2-celled, 2-valved. 



Corolla with a closed tube. 4. PORTERELL\. 



Corolla split to near the base on the upper side. 5. LOBELIA. 



1. NEMACLADUS Nutt. 



Small annuals. Leaves alternate, small, the basal ones obovate, the cauline 

 ones reduced, subulate, bract-like. Flowers perfect, irregular. Sepals 5, nearly 

 distinct. Corolla bilabiate; lower lip 3-lobed; upper lip 2-parted. Stamens 5; 

 filaments monadelphous above the middle; anthers oval, free, merely surround- 

 ing the stigma; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule 2-celled, 2-valved from the top, 20-30- 

 seeded. 



1. N. ramosissimus Xutt. Stem much branched, about 1 dm. high, gla- 

 brous or puberulent; basal leaves 1 cm. long or less; stem-leaves 1-2 mm. long; 

 hypanthium turbinate, or hemispheric in fruit; sepals lanceolate, 1 mm. long; 

 corolla 2 mm. long. Arid places : s Calif . s Utah Ariz. L. Calif . Son. Ap-Jl. 



2. HOWELLIA A. Gray. 



Aquatic annual herbs. Leaves alternate, the submerged ones setaceous, 

 the emersed ones narrow, entire. Flowers of two kind, the submerged ones 

 cleistogamous. Hypanthium linear or linear-clavate. Sepals 5, nearly distinct, 

 narrow and subequal. Corolla of the emersed flowers with its short tube split 

 almost to the base on the upper side; lobes nearly equal. Stamens monadel- 

 phous; tube nearly free from the corolla; anthers oval, the two smaller with 3 

 bristles, the three larger naked. Ovary 1-celled, with 2 filiform parietal placentae. 

 Capsule membranous, bursting irregularly on one side. Seeds few, smooth. 



1. H. aquatilis A. Gray. Submerged aquatic, with only the end of the 

 stem emersed; submerged leaves alternate or verticillate, flaccid, filiform, 1-5 

 cm. long, less than 1 mm. wide; emersed leaves lance-linear, often toothed; sepals 

 linear-subulate, 2 mm. long; corolla of the submersed flowers rudimentary, that 

 of the emersed flowers 1.5-2 mm. long; fruit 12-15 mm. long. Lakes and ponds: 

 Ore. Ida. Submont. My-Jl. 



3. BOLELIA Raf. 



Glabrous annuals. Leaves alternate, sessile, narrow, entire. Flowers per- 

 fect, axillary, sessile. Hypanthium linear-cylindric, usually twisted. Sepals 

 foliaceous, 5, nearly distinct. Corolla with a short, entire tube, 2-lipped; upper 

 lip with 2 narrow, spreading or reflexed lobes; lower lip very broad, 3-lobed, 

 spreading. Filaments and anthers wholly united; two of the anthers bristle- 

 tipped. Capsule long and slender, early becoming 1-celled, with 2 parietal 

 placentae, opening by 1-3 long slits, but valves remaining united at the apex. 

 Seeds numerous. [Downingia Torr.] 



Corolla scarcely exceeding the obtuse sepals; stamens shorter than the sepals. 



1. B. brachyantha. 

 Corolla and stamens much exceeding the acute sepals. 2. B. elegans. 



1. B. brachyantha Rydb. Stem 1-3 dm. high, branched from the base; 

 leaves oblong-lanceolate, 5-10 mm. long, thick and somewhat fleshy; sepals 

 linear or oblong-linear, about 5 mm. long; corolla scarcely exceeding the calyx: 

 stamens shorter than the sepals; fruit about 3 cm. long. Downingia brachyantha 

 Xels. & Macbr. In water: Mont. Ida. Nev. Ore. Submont. Je-Au. 



2. B. elegans (Dougl.) Greene. Stem simple or branched below, 5-30 cm. 

 high, glabrous; leaves lanceolate, 1-3 cm. long, fleshy; sepals linear, 6-7 mm. 

 long; corolla 8-10 mm. long: fruit 3-4 cm. long. D. elegans Torr. In water: 

 B.C. Ida. Nev. Calif. Submont. Je-Au. 



4. PORTERELLA Torr. 



Small diffuse or creeping annuals or perennials (?). Leaves alternate, narrow, 

 entire. Flowers perfect, axillary. Hypanthium oblong-clavate. Sepals 5, 

 narrow, almost distinct. Corolla with a long closed tube, not split; upper lip 



30* 



