844 CARDUACEAE 



usually sharply dentate, veiny, 3-7 cm. long; heads numerous, 12-16 mm. high; 

 outer 'bracts lanceolate, attenuate; pappus tawny. A', eupatorioides corymbu- 

 losa T. & G. Dry prairies and plains: 111. Ala. Tex. Colo. Mont. Plain. 

 Je-0. 



2. K. Hitchcockii A. Nels. Stem decumbent, divaricately branched, min- 

 utely puberulent; leaves lance-linear or linear, puberulent, entire or with few 

 sharp teeth, 3-4 cm. long; outer bracts linear-lanceolate, long-attenuate, or the 

 inner narrowly linear ; pappus tawny. Dry plains: Kans. Colo. Plain. Au-S. 



3. K. reticulata A. Nels. Stems 3-4 dm. high, finely puberulent; leaves 

 puberulent on the upper side and on the veins beneath, punctate, strongly 

 reticulate-veined beneath, oblong-lanceolate, 2-4 cm. long, irregularly toothed 

 or entire; bracts in 4-5 series, shorter than the disk, the outer short, lanceolate, 

 the inner broadly linear, acute; pappus white. Canons: Wyo. Submont. Au. 



4. K. leptophylla Scheele. Stems 5-8 dm. high, striate and minutely puberu- 

 lent; leaves numerous, minutely puberulent, linear or lance-linear, 2-4 cm. long, 

 entire or nearly so, re volute-margined ; inflorescence paniculate; bracts in 5 

 series, the outer short, lanceolate, the inner linear, cuspidate; achenes strigose; 

 pappus dingy white. K. Gooddingii A. Nels. Rocky hills: Colo. Tex. Ariz. 

 Son. Submont. Jl-S. 



6. LACINIARIA Hill. BLAZING STAR, BUTTON SNAKE-ROOT. 



Perennial herbs, with a globular corm or thickened rootstock. Leaves narrow, 

 entire, alternate, more or less punctate. Heads discoid, racemose or spicate, 

 with rose-purple or rarely white flowers. Involucre oblong to hemispheric; 

 bracts more or less herbaceous, not striate, imbricate in several unequal series. 

 Receptacle flat or nearly so, naked. Anthers obtuse at the base. Style-branches 

 elongate, obtuse, flattened at the end, stigmatose only at the base. Achenes 

 10-ribbed, slender, tapering to the base. Pappus 1-2 series of equal, firm, plu- 

 mose or barbellate bristles. [Liatris Schreber.] 



Pappus plumose. 



Heads 15-60-flowered; corolla-lobes hairy within. 1. L. squarrosa. 



Heads 4-6-flowered; corolla-lobes glabrous within. 2. L. punctata. 



Pappus merely barbellate. 



Heads few, hemispheric, 15-45-flowered. 



Heads in a short raceme-like or corymbiform inflorescence; bracts obovate, with 



a dark rose-purple laciniate apex; leaves usually glabrous. 3. L. ligulistylis. 

 Heads in a long spike-like inflorescence; bracts spatulate or obovate-oblanceolate, 

 with a pale merely erose apex; leaves usually hispidulous or crisp-hairy. 



4. L. aspera. 

 Heads oblong, 3-15-flowered, numerous in a long spike. 



Bracts obtuse, appressed. 5. L. spicata. 



Bracts acute, their tips spreading. 6. L. pycnostachya. 



1. L. squarrosa (L.) Hill. Stems often tufted, pubescent, 1-6 dm. high; 

 leaves numerous, linear, 3-30 cm. long, often with scattered hairs; heads soli- 

 tary or few, subtended by bract-like leaves; involucres cylindric, 1.5-2 cm. high; 

 bracts lanceolate or oblong or linear-acuminate, squarrose-spreading. Liatris 

 squarrosa (L.) Willd. Sandy soil: Ont. Fla. Tex. Colo. Minn. Plain. Jl-S. 



2. L. punctata (Hook.) Kuntze. Stem glabrous or nearly so, 2-7.5 dm. 

 high; leaves strongly punctate, 1-nerved, ciliate on the margins, otherwise gla- 

 brous, linear; spike dense, elongate, 5-15 cm. long; heads 12-16 mm. long, sessile; 

 involucres narrowly campanulate; bracts cuspidate or acuminate, ciliate on the 

 margins; flowers purple or rose. Liatris punctata Hook. Dry plains and hills: 

 Sask. la. Tex. Ariz. Alta. Plain Mont. Au-O. 



3. L. ligulistylis A. Nels. Stem glabrate below, white-pubescent above, 

 striate, 3-5 dm. high; leaves bright green, obscurely punctate, linear-oblance- 

 olate, ciliolate on the margins, 5-12 cm. long; heads 15-20 mm. high, broadly 

 campanulate or hemispheric; bracts orbicular or oval; flowers 50-70, purple. L. 

 formosa Greene. Hills: Man. S.D. Colo. Alta. Plain Submont. Jl-Au. 



4. L. aspera (Michx.) Greene. Stem 3-10 dm. high, crisp-hairy especially 

 above; leaves numerous, the lower linear-oblanceolate, the upper linear; heads 

 globose-cam panulate, 15-18 mm. high; bracts orbicular or oval. Liatris aspera 



