872 CARDUACEAE 



with green tips. Rays yellow, 1-3, short. Disk-flowers few, yellow. Achenes 

 flattish and broad, 5-nerved. 



1. P. pumila (Nutt.) Greene. Stem strict, erect, 1-2 dm. high, glabrous; 

 leaves rigid, linear-oblanceolate, 3-nerved, somewhat punctate, resiniferous, 5-10 

 cm. long; cyme glomerate-fastigiate, flat-topped; heads 5-8-flowered, oblong, 

 about 8 mm. high; ligules 1-3, 2 mm. long; achenes glabrous. Solidago pumila 

 Nutt. Dry mountains: Wyo. Tex. Ariz. Ore. Son. Submont. Jl-Au. 



27. EUTHAMIA Nutt. BUSHY OR FRAGRANT GOLDENROD. 



Perennial caulescent herbs with elongated rootstocks. Leaves alternate, 

 narrow, more or less triple-ribbed. Heads numerous, in broad corymbs. Invo- 

 lucres oblong; bracts imbricate, narrow, glutinous; receptacle pubescent or 

 fibrillate. Ray-flowers pistillate, usually more numerous than the disk-flowers, 

 with inconspicuous ligules. Disk-flowers perfect; corollas yellow. Style-branches 

 with lanceolate appendages. Achenes broadened upwards, pubescent. Pappus 

 of long equal bristles. 



Outer bracts broader than the inner, which are obtuse. 1. E. camporum. 



Outer bracts narrow, all acute; lateral ribs of the leaves rather prominent. 



2. E. occid entails. 



1. E. camporum Greene. . Stem 3-5 dm. high, puberulent-scabrous on the 

 angles above; leaves linear, triple-veined, but the lateral veins often glabrous or 

 nearly so on both sides, scabrous-puberulent on the margins; outer bracts ovate, 

 acutish, the inner oblong-linear, more or less green-tipped; achenes strigose. 

 Closely related to E. graminifolia (L.) Nutt., of the East. Low ground: Man. 

 Kans. Colo. Alta. Plain. Jl-0. 



2. E. occidentalis Nutt. Stem 5-20 dm. high, glabrous, striate; leaves 

 linear, triple-veined, glabrous, obsoletely scabrous on the margins; bracts nar- 

 rowly lanceolate, thin, ciliolate; achenes sparingly hairy. Solidago occidentalis 

 Nutt. Moist ground: Alta. N.M. Calif. B.C. Plain. Je-N. 



28. OLIGONEURON Small. ROUGH GOLDENROD. 



Perennial caulescent, usually balsamic herbs. Leaves alternate. Heads 

 corymbose, radiate. Involucres several-flowered, campanulate; bracts imbricate 

 in several series, thickish, longitudinally few-ribbed; receptacle pitted. Ray- 

 flowers pistillate; ligules yellow. Disk-flowers usually perfect; corollas yellow, 

 the tube dilated into a short throat. Anthers obtuse at the base. Style-branches 

 flat, with oblong appendages. Achenes several-nerved. Pappus of many capil- 

 lary bristles. 



1. O. canescens Rydb. Stem 5-7 dm. high; basal leaves long-petioled; 

 blades oval, 7-12 cm. long, thick, yellowish canescent on both sides, crenulate; 

 upper stem-leaves oval, sessile; inflorescence corymbiform but much congested; 

 heads about 1 cm. high; bracts oblong, canescent; achenes slightly hairy above, 

 otherwise glabrous. S. rigida humilis Porter. Prairies and river valleys: Sask. 

 Neb. Colo. Mont. Plain Submont. Au-O. 



29. MONOPTILON T. & G. 



Depressed dwarf annuals. Heads solitary, terminal. Involucres hemi- 

 spheric; bracts narrow, numerous, in a single series, somewhat herbaceous. Ray- 

 flowers numerous, pistillate and fertile; ligules white or violet. Disk-flowers 

 numerous, perfect; corollas yellow. Style-branches with triangular appendages. 

 Achenes oblong-obovate, compressed. Pappus of a short, cup-shaped, denticulate 

 crown and a single awn, which is barbellate or plumose towards the apex. 



1. M. bellidiforme T. & G. Stem branched at the base, 2-4 cm. high, 

 villous-hirsute ; leaves spatulate or linear-spatulate, 5-10 mm. long, hirsute; 

 heads sessile; involucres 4 mm. high, 6-8 mm. wide; bracts linear, hirsute; ligules 

 3 mm. long. Desert plains: s Utah Ariz. s Calif. L. Son. Ap-Je. 



