THISTLE FAMILY 901 



XXIV. LUTEI. 



Bracts strigose or hirsute; plant cespitose; leaves narrowly linear. 



Stems scapiform, naked or with a few small leaves; bracts strigose. 



98. E. luteus. 

 Stems more or less leafy; bracts hirsute. 



Petioles of the leaves hirsute-ciliate. 99. E. ochroleucus. 



Petioles as well as the blades finely cinereous-strigose. 100. E. peucephyllus. 



Bracts long-villous; leaves spatulate. 14. E. aureus. 



1. E. minor (Hook.) Rydb. Biennial; stem more or less hirsute; basal leaves 

 spatulate or oblanceolate, petioled, 3-6 cm. long, ciliate or glabrate; stem-leaves 

 linear, 3-10 cm. long, acute; peduncles erect, 1-5 cm. long; involucres 6-8 mm. 

 high, 10-15 mm. wide; bracts hirsute; ligules about 2 mm. long, erect, rose-colored 

 or whitish. E. glabratus minor Hook. E. armeraefolius A. Gray, not Turcz. 

 Damp places: Sask. Colo. Utah B.C. Submont. Mont. Jl-S. 



2..E. lonchophyllus Hook. Biennial; stem more or less hirsute; lower 

 leaves petioled, narrowly oblanceolate, 6-15 cm. long, hirsute-ciliate or glabrate; 

 peduncles usually elongate, 2-8 cm. long; involucres about 8 mm. high and 15 

 mm. broad; bracts hirsute; ligules 2-3 mm. long, erect. E. racemosus Nutt. 

 Wet places: Sask. Colo. Nev. Ida. Submont. Mont. Jl-Au. 



3. E. politus Fries. Stem simple, erect, 4-8 dm. high, glabrous or nearly 

 so; basal leaves oblanceolate, 5-10 cm. long, glabrous; stem-leaves lanceolate or 

 linear-lanceolate, sessile; involucres 7-8 mm. high, 10-12 mm. broad; ligules 3-4 

 mm. long, erect, convolute-filiform. E. glabratus Hook., not Hoppe. Rocky 

 mountains: Alta. Ida. B.C.; n Scandinavia. Subalp. Jl-Au. 



4. E. droebachensis Muell. Stem simple, glabrous or sparingly hirsute; 

 basal leaves 5-10 cm. long, ciliate; stem-leaves narrowly oblanceolate to linear- 

 lanceolate; involucres about 6 mm. high and 1 cm. broad; ligules about 3 mm. 

 long, white. E. acris droebachensis Blytt. Woods : N.B. Sask. Colo. Alaska; 

 n Eu. Submont. Mont. Jl-Au. 



5. E. yellowstonensis A. Nels. Stem mostly simple, stout, often purplish, 

 hirsute and puberulent; lower leaves oblanceolate, petioled, 3-8 cm. long, hir- 

 sute; upper stem-leaves sessile, linear or linear-lanceolate; involucres 8 mm. high, 

 10-12 mm. broad; rays filiform, convolute, scarcely 2 mm. long. E. lapiluteus 

 A. Nels. Mountains: Alta. Colo. B.C. Submont. Mont. Jl-Au. 



6. E. elatus (Hook.) Greene. Stem mostly simple, 3-4 dm. high, sparingly 

 hirsute; basal leaves spatulate, 2-7 cm. long; stem-leaves lanceolate to nearly 

 linear; involucres hemispheric, 7-8 mm. high, 10-15 mm. broad; ligules about 

 3 mm. long, erect, convolute. E. alpinus elatus Hook. High mountains: Cana- 

 dian Rockies. Subalp. Jl-Au. 



7. E. jucundus Greene. Stems often several, puberulent and sparingly hir- 

 sute; basal leaves spatulate or oblanceolate, petioled, 3-5 cm. long, sparing!}' 

 hirsute-pilose; stem-leaves linear-lanceolate or oblong; heads solitary or few; in- 

 volucres 6 mm. high, 8-10 mm. broad; bracts often purple-tinged; ligules erect, 

 pink, 2-2.5 mm. long. E. acris debilis A. Gray. E. debilis Rydb. Wet places: 

 Que. Hudson Bay Colo. Utah B.C. Submont. Subalp. Jl-Au. 



8. E. alpinus L. Stem 1-3 dm. high, sparingly pubescent; basal leaves 

 spatulate, petioled, 2-5 cm. long, hirsute; stem-leaves sessile, linear-lanceolate; 

 heads usually solitary; involucres 8-10 mm. high, 1-2 cm. broad; ligules white, 

 rose, or lilac, about 4 mm. long, erect, involute. High mountains: Canadian 

 Rockies; subarctic Eurasia. Alp. 



9. E. unalaschkensis (DC.) Rydb. Low perennial, with a short, somewhat 

 cespitose rootstock; stem 3-20 cm. high, villous with blackish hairs, somewhat 

 thickened under the involucres; leaves mostly basal, 1-4 cm. long, spatulate, 

 obtuse, hirsute; involucres 8-10 mm. high, 10-15 mm. broad; bracts black-purple; 

 ligules 2-3 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, erect or ascending, often becoming involute. 

 E. uniflorus pulchellus Fries. E. pulchellus unalaschensis DC. Arctic-alpine 

 situations: Greenl. Lab. Mont. Alaska. Alp. Jl-Au. 



10. E. melanocephalus A. Nels. Stem erect, 5-15 cm. high, mono- 

 cephalous, villous with black-purplish hairs, especially above; leaves spatulate or 



