938 CARDUACEAE 



82. MADIA Molina. 



Glandular-viscid, heavy-scented annuals. Leaves alternate, entire, narrow. 

 Heads radiate. Involucre campanulate ; bracts in a single series, strongly in- 

 flexed on the margins enclosing the ray-achenes; paleae in a single series enclos- 

 ing the disk-flowers as an inner involucre inside the rays. Ray-flowers pistil- 

 late, fertile; ligules inconspicuous, cuneate, 3-lobed. Disk-flowers hermaphrodite 

 and fertile. Achenes angled, those of the ray-flowers laterally flattened, very 

 oblique. Pappus wanting. 



Ray-flowers 5-12; heads not glomerate. 



Heads on short branches, racemosely disposed. 1. M. racemosa. 



Heads on long branches, more corymbose. 2. M. dissitiflora* 



Ray-flowers 2-5, or none; heads glomerate. 3. M. glomcrata. 



1. M. racemosa T. & G. Stem 3-6 dm. high, pilose, glandular above; 

 leaves linear, 8-15 cm. long, pilose on both sides; branches of the inflorescence 

 short; involucres 8-10 cm. high and broad; ligules 5-8; disk-achenes flat, indis- 

 tinctly nerved. M. saliva racemosa A. Gray. Rocky or sandy places: B.C. Ida. 



-Utah Calif. Son. My-Jl. 



2. M. dissitiflora (Nutt). T. & G. Stem slender, pilose, 3-6 dm. high; 

 leaves linear or lance-linear, finely pilose, entire; heads scattered, solitary at the 

 ends of rather slender branches; involucres about 6 mm. high and broad, glandu- 

 lar; ligules 5-8; achenes all flat, not at all angled. Hillsides and valleys: B.C. 

 Mont. Utah Calif. Submont. Je-Au. 



3. M. glomerata Hook. Stem 3-5 dm. high, leafy, hirsute, glandular in 

 the inflorescence; leaves linear, pilose and hirsute-ciliate ; heads more or less 

 glomerate; involucres about 6 mm. high and 4 mm. wide; rays 2-5, sometimes 

 none; achenes of the rays somewhat curved, 1 -nerved on each face, those of the 

 disk 4- or 5-angled. Open places in the mountains: Sask. Colo. Calif. B.C. 

 Son. Mont. Jl-S. 



83. HARPAECARPUS Nutt. 



Slender annuals, with narrowly linear leaves. Heads ligulate. Involucre 

 campanulate; bracts 4-8, in a single series, boat-shaped, each enclosing a ray- 

 achene; paleae of the receptacle united into a 3-5-toothed cup, surrounding the 

 single disk-flower. Ray-flowers 4-8, fertile; ligules inconspicuous, cuneate. 

 Disk-flower single, hermaphrodite and fertile. Ray-achenes compressed later- 

 ally, lunate, but broader above; disk-achene obliquely obovate. Pappus want- 

 ing. 



1. H. exiguus (Smith) A. Gray. Stem slender, 1-3 dm. high, hirsute as 

 well as glandular-puberulent, paniculately branched; heads on filiform peduncles; 

 involucres about 3 mm. high and broad; bracts 4-8, hirsute-glandular. Madia 

 filipes A. Gray. Open ground: B.C. Ida. L. Calif. Son. My-Jl. 



84. HEMIZONELLA A. Gray. 



Hirsute pubescent and glandular annuals, with linear, mostly opposite leaves. 

 Heads radiate, small. Bracts of the involucres 4 or 5, broad, infolded, enclosing 

 each a ray-achene; paleae united into a 3-5-toothed cup, surrounding the disk- 

 flowers. Ray-flowers 4 or 5, pistillate and usually fertile; ligules minute. Disk- 

 flowers solitary or rarely 2-4, hermaphrodite and fertile. Achenes somewhat 

 dorso-ventrally compressed, those of the disk-flowers straight, those of the ray- 

 flowers incurved. 



1. H. minima A. Gray. Annual; stem 3-10 cm. high, pilose; leaves 1 cm. 

 long or less, linear, pilose; peduncles shorter than the heads; involucres about 3 

 mm. high and broad; ray-achenes obovate, slightly curved, strongly obcom- 

 pressed. Dry sterile soil: B.C. Ida. Nev. Calif. Son. Je-Jl. 



85. LAGOPHYLLA Nutt. 



Slender herbs, with alternate entire leaves and small heads in leafy-bracted 

 clusters. Heads radiate. Bracts of the involucres about 5, thin, herbaceous, 

 with the margins at the base, infolded and each enclosing an achene, with which 



