THISTLE FAMILY 975 



4. P. vitifolia Greene. Leaf -blades broadly cordate or deltoid-reniform, 

 5-12 cm. long, 8-20 cm. broad, with two or more lateral veins rising from the 

 base, usually 5-lobed, the basal lobes usually deeply 2-cleft and the terminal one 

 3-5-lobed; lobes coarsely dentate; scape 2-3 dm. high; involucres over 1 cm. high, 

 glandular and floccose; ligules of the substerile heads about 7 mm. long and 1.5 

 mm. wide. Wet places: Man. Alta. Boreal. Je-Jl. 



5. P. palmata (Ait.) A. Gray. Leaf-blades reniform in outline, 5-15 cm. 

 long, 10-30 cm. wide, sparingly villous-tomentulose beneath, pedately veined and 

 lobed; lobes oblanceolate, coarsely few-toothed, with broadly triangular, mucro- 

 nate teeth; scape stout, 1.5-6 dm. high; heads corymbose; involucres about 1 

 cm. high, somewhat glandular-pubescent, tomentulose at the base; ligules of the 

 substerile heads about 5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, those of the fertile heads 2.5-3 

 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide. Boggy places: Newf. N.Y. Minn. Alta. Plain- 

 Boreal. Je-Au. 



125. CROCIDIUM Hook. 



Small winter annuals. Leaves alternate. Heads radiate. Involucre hemi- 

 spheric; bracts 8-12, equal, oblong. Ray-flowers about 12, pistillate, fertile; 

 ligules yellow. Disk-flowers hermaphrodite, fertile; corollas yellow, with slender 

 tube, campanulate throat, and 5-toothed limb. Anthers with deltoid-ovate tips. 

 Style-branches short and broad, with deltoid appendages. Achenes fusiform, 

 obscurely 3-5-ribbed, papillate. Pappus of a single series of white barbellate 

 bristles, or in the ray-flowers wanting. 



1. C. multicaule Hook. Stems several from the base, 1-2 dm. high, slightly 

 floccose when young; basal leaves tufted, obovate or spatulate, sessile or shprt- 

 petioled, few-toothed, 2-5 cm. long; stem-leaves linear, entire or the lower denticu- 

 late; involucres 7-8 mm. broad, hemispheric; bracts lance-ovate, acute; flowers 

 golden yellow; ligules 5-8 mm. long; achenes ovoid, angled, scurfy. Plains and 

 hills: B^.C Ida. Calif. Son, Mr-My. 



126. PSATHYROTHES A. Gray. VELVET-ROSETTES. 



Low pubescent or scurfy, winter annuals. Leaves petioled, with broad 

 blades. Heads discoid. Involucres hemispheric: bracts in 2 series, at least the 

 outer herbaceous; receptacle flat. Flowers all hermaphrodite and fertile; corolla 

 with a very short tube, cylindric throat and short obtuse teeth, woolly at the 

 summit. Style-branches flat, obtuse or truncate, with obscure appendages. 

 Achenes terete, turbinate-villous or hirsute. Pappus of numerous stiff, ferrugin- 

 ous bristles. 



Leaves not beset with long hairs. 



Outer bracts obovate, larger than the inner; spreading tomentum long-villous. 



1. P. ramosissima. 

 Outer bracts oblong, not longer than the inner, erect; tomentum fine, furfuraceous. 



2. P. annua. 

 Leaves with scattered long-jointed hairs. 3. P. pilifera. 



1. P. ramosissima (Torr.) A. Gray. Stem branched from the base, scurfy- 

 tomentose; branches decumbent, 8-12 cm. high; leaf -blades rounded, subcor- 

 date or cuneate at the base, 1-2 cm. broad, scurf y-tomentose, crenate; head 

 solitary, axillary; involucres 5-6 mm. high; flowers yellow; achenes short-turbin- 

 ate, densely long-villous. Gravelly hills: Ariz. s Utah Xev. s Calif.; L. 

 Calif. L. Son. Ap-My. 



2. P. annua (Xutt.) A. Gray. Stem branched from the base, 5-12 cm. 

 high, scurf y-tomentose; leaf-blades orbicular or rounded-ovate, cuneate at the 

 base, coarsely dentate, 1 cm. broad or less; heads solitary, axillary, short-pe- 

 duncled; involucres 5-7 mm. high; corollas pale yellow, sometimes changing into 

 purplish; achenes oblong-turbinate, densely villous. Saline plains: Ariz. s Utah 

 Nev. s Calif. Son. My-Au. 



3. P. pilifera A. Gray. Stem branched from the base, scurf y-tomentose, 

 5-15 cm. high; leaf -blades rhombic-obovate or subrotund, with cuneate base, 

 entire, scurf y-tomentose and hirsute-ciliate on the margins and petioles; heads 



