104 CACTACEAE 



arranged, often up the side of the ovary (ef. Nymphnea). Sta. cc , 

 epipet. G (4 -co), uniloc. with parietal plac. and anatr. ov. ; 

 style simple. Berry, the flesh derived from the furicles. Endosp. 

 or none. 



The fr. of many sp. is edible (e.g. Opuntia, &c.). Several are used 

 in making hedges. Cochineal is cultivated on Nopalea, Opuntia, &.C. 

 Classification and chief genera (after K. Schumann): 



I. PERESKIOIDEAE (habit of ordinary pi., with flat 1. 

 and panicles ; no barbed thorns) : Pereskia (only genus). 

 II. PUN TIG WE 4E (succulents with round or flat leaf-like 

 joints; 1. cylindrical, usu. falling very early; barbed 

 thorns; fl. rotate): Opuntia, Nopalea (only genera). 

 III. CEREOIDEAE (succulents; 1. reduced to scales, often 

 very minute ; no barbed thorns) : 



1. Echinocacteae ifl. funnel- or salver-shaped, in or near the 



areole) : Cereu.s, Phyllocactus, Epiphyllum, Echino- 

 cactus, Melocactus, Leuchtenbergia. 



2. Mammillarieae (do., but in axil of mammilla) : Mammil- 



laria, Pelecyphora. 



3. Rhipsalideae (fl. rotate) : Rhipsalis. 



For lurther details refer to genera. Also Goebel, Pflanzeftb. Sch. 



and in Flora 1895, Ganong in f'/ora 1894, fiot. Gaz. 1895, Ann. Bot. 



1898, Schumann in Nat. Pfl. and Gesammtbesehreibung tier Kakteeti, 



1897-99, and Vochting in Pringsh. Jahrb. 1894. Cf. also Euphorbia 



and Stapelia. 



Cacteae (Bff.} ^-Cactaceae. 



Cactiflorae (Warming), the /th order of Choripetalae. 

 Cactus L. =Cactaceae, esp. Mammillaria. 

 Cactus, night-flowering:, Circus ; old man-, <"ereus senilis. 

 Cadaba Forsk. Capparidaceae (ll). 20 palaeotrop. Disc prolonged 



post, into a tube ; both androphore and gynophore present. 

 Cadalvena Fen/,1. Zin^iberaceae (II). i trop. Air. 

 Cadellia F. Muell. Simarubaceae. 2 subtrop. Austr. 

 Cadetia Gaudich. = Dendrobium Sw. (Orchid). 

 Cadia Forsk. Leguminosae (III. i). 5 E. Afi., Madag., Arabia. 



Fl. almost reg. with free sta. 



Cadiscis E. Mey. Compositae (6). i S.W. Cape Colony. 

 Cadjans. Cocos, Ni/>a, &c. 

 Caducous, dropping early. 



Caecum, a prolongation of the embryo-sac, Casitarina, &r. 

 Caelestina Cass. = Ageratum L. (Compos.). 

 Caeruleus (Lat.), pale sky blue. 

 Caesalpinia L. Leguminosae |ii. 7). 60 trop. and subtrop., often 



hook climbers. The pods of C. bonducella Fleming (nickar bean) 



are brought to Eur. by the Gulf Stream. Those of C. coriaria Willd. 



(divi-divi) are imported from Venezuela and W.I. for tanning. 



C. sappan L. (Indomal., cult.) and several Brazilian sp. yield a red 



dye Irom the wood (sappan, Brazil, or peach wood). C. pulcherrima 



Sw. (peacock fl., Barbados pride) is cult. orn. fl. 

 Caesarea Cambess. =Viviania Cav. p.p. (Geran.). 

 Caesia R. Br. Liliaceae (in). 10 Austr., S. Afr. 



