198 CYCLAMEN 



Cyclamen (Tourn.) L. Primulaceae (2). 12 Eur. (mostly alpine), 

 Medit. C. europaeiim L. Brit, (sow-bread). There is a stout corm 

 (cf. Colchicum) due to thickening of the hypocotyl. The P-lubes 

 are bent back and the fl. is pend., with loose-pollen mechanism (cf. 

 Acanthus, Erica). After fert. the stalk usu. coils up spirally, draw- 

 ing the ripening fr. down to the soil (cf. Vallisneria) ; in C. persicum 

 Sibth. et Sm. it bends over and forces the fr. into the ground (cf. 

 Arachis). Cult. orn. fl. 



Cyclanthaceae (EP., BH.}. Monocots. (Synanthae; Nudiflorae BH.}. 

 6 gen., 45 sp. trop. Am.; they help to char, the flora of this region. 

 Climbers, epiph., rhiz. -herbs, or small shrubs, of palm-like habit, 

 with curious spadix infls. on which the <? and ? fls. alt. in various 

 ways (see Carludovica and Cyclanthus). Fr. multiple, fleshy. Endosp. 

 The fain, is nearly related to Palniae, Pandanaceae and Araceae. 

 Chief genera: Carludovica, Cyclanthus. 



Cyclanthera Schrad. Cucurbitaceae (5). 30 trop. Am. Sta. com- 

 bined into a column as in section 4, but here the anther-loculi fused 

 into 2 ring-shaped loculi running completely round the top of the 

 column. C. explodens Naud. has explosive fr. (cf. Ecballium) ; the 

 pericarp is extremely turgid on its inner surface, and the fr. dehisces 

 into valves, each of which rolls back on itself with a jerk. 



Cyclantheropsis Harms. (Gerrardanthus p.p.). Cucurb. (4). i trop. 

 Afr. 



Cyclanthus Poit. Cyclanthaceae. 4 trop. Am., W.I. The rhiz. 

 bears large 1., forked into two at the top. Infl. term, on a long 

 stalk, as a large cylindrical spadix with big bracts at base, resembling 

 a number of discs piled upon one another, with their edges sharpened 

 to a thin rim. In some two || spirals compose the spadix, each with 

 a sharpened edge. In the former case every other disc bears i fls., 

 in the latter one of the spirals, the other being ? . The 3 fls. occupy 

 a groove at the edge of the rim ; each has 6 sta. and no P. The ? fls. 

 are embedded in the disc; ovaries united into a long continuous 

 chamber running all round the disc and containing numerous pla- 

 centae. Ps united all round the disc ; on their inner sides they bear 

 stds. Fr. multiple, consisting of a number of seeds embedded in a 

 general fleshy mass formed of ovaries and spadix. Cf. Carludovica. 



Cyclea Arn. Menispermaceae. 12 trop. As., Madag. 



Cyclic (fl. ), with all members in whorls. 



Cyclo- (Gr. pref. ), circle ; -spermous, with embryo coiled round endosp. 



Cyclobothra D. Don in Sweet -Calochortus Pursh (Lili.). 



Cyclocampe Steud. Cyperaceae (n). 3 Mauritius, New Cal. (?). 



Cyclocarpa Afzel., emend. Urban. Leguminosae (ill. 7). i W. Afr. 



Cyclocheilon Oliv. (Holmskioldia Retz. ). Verben. (4). 2 trop. Afr. 



Cyclocotyla Stapf. Apocynaceae (i. i). i Congo. 



Cyclodium Presl. Polypodiaceae. 2 W. I., trop. S. Am. 



Cyclolepis Gill. Compos. (12). i temp. S. Am. Char, in N. Patag. 



Cyclolobium Benth. Leguminosae (in. 8). 4 Brazil, Guiana. 



Cycloloma iMoq. Chenopodiaceae (A), i Central N. Am. 



Cyclonema Hochst. = Clerodendron L. p.p. (Verb.). 



Cyclopeltis ]. Sm. Polypodiaceae. 4 trop. E. As. and Am. 



Cyclophorus Desv. (Niphobolus Kaulf.). Polypod. 90 trop. and subtrop. 



