256 EULOPHIELLA 



Eulophiella Rolfe. Orchidaceae (n. 10). i Madagascar. Cult.orn.fl. 



EulopMopsis Pfitz. Orchidaceae (n. 17). 2 S. Afr., Madag., E. Ind. 



Eulophus Nutt. Umbelliferae (III. 5). =;N.Am. 



Eulychnia Phil. (Cereus p.p. EP.\ Cactaceae. 3 Chili. 



Eumorphia DC. Compositae (7). 4 S.Afr. 



Eunanus Benth. = Mimulus L. p.p. (Scroph.). 



Eunomia DC. (Aethionema p.p. BH.). Cruciferae (2). 10 Mts. of 

 E. Medit. 



Euonymus L. Celastraceae. 80 N. temp., and S.E. As. E. enropaeus 

 L., the spindle-tree, in Brit. Several sp. have curious outgrowths 

 of cork upon their stems. The fls. are polygamous and protandrous. 

 On the ripe seed is a bright red fleshy aril, serving in bird-dispersal. 

 The development of the aril may easily be studied by examining 

 seeds of various ages. The wood is used for spindles, pegs, &c., and 

 furnishes good charcoal. 



Euosmia Humb. et Bonpl. Rubiaceae (i. 7). i Venezuela. 



Eupatoriastrum Greenman. Compositae (2). i Mexico. 



Eupatoriopsis Hieron. Compositae (2). i Brazil. 



Eupatorium (Tourn.) L. (incl. Conodinium DC.). Compositae (2). 

 450 mostly Am., a few in Eur., As., trop. Afr. E. cannabinum L., 

 hemp-agrimony, in Brit. Its fls. are largely visited by butterflies. 



Euphorbia L. Euphorbiaceae (A. n. 8). 750 chiefly subtrop. and 

 warm temp. (12 in Brit.). They differ very much in vegetative habit. 

 The British sp. of spurge are herbs and so are many others, but 

 shrubs are also frequent. The chief interest centres in those sp. that 

 inhabit very dry places and have consequently a xerophytic habit. 

 Most of these forms closely resemble Cactaceae (q v.}, and sometimes 

 when not in flr. it is very difficult to decide from the outside appear- 

 ance whether one has to do with a Euphorbia or a Cactus. The 

 presence of latex of course distinguishes the former. It is very 

 interesting to see how similar conditions of life have called forth, 

 in three different fams. not nearly allied to one another, such 

 a similarity of habit as is seen in Euphorbia, the Cactaceae, and 

 Stapelia (Asclepiadaceae). As in the cacti, we get almost spherical 

 forms, ridged forms, cylindrical forms, &c. Many are armed with 

 thorns. In all cases it is the stem which is fleshy. The outer 

 tissue is green and does the assimilating work of the plant; the inner 

 portion of the stem consists mainly of parenchymatous storage tissue. 

 For morphology cf. Goebel (Pflanzenbiol. Schild. p. 56). He 

 divides the pi. into the following groups : 



I. L. normal, well developed, serving a long time as assim. 

 organs, (i) Shoot not water-storing: e.g. the British sp. (2) Storage 

 in tubers below ground : E. ttiberosa L. (3) Stem as reserve for 

 water, &c., but not green: E. biipleurifolia Jacq. (cylindrical stem 

 covered with corky scales=l. bases; 1. borne in wet season, drop in 

 dry). (4) Stem fleshy, green, leafy in wet season only: E. neriifolia 

 L., &c. 



II. L. abortive, dropping off early. Assim. and storage carried 

 on in stem. Various types occur here (cf. Cactaceae) approaching 

 nearly to perfectly spherical form. Some common ones are (i) E. 

 Tirucalli L. (Zanzibar), with thin cylindrical shoots. E. pendul'a 



