GYMNOSPERMAE 309 



Gymnagathls Stapf. Melastomaceae (i). i S. China. 



Gymnanacamptis x Aschers. et Graebn. Orchidaceae. Hybrid, Gym- 

 nadenia Anacamptis. 



Gymnandra Pall. = Lagotis Gaertn. (Scroph.). 



Gymnanthemum Cass. =Vernonia Schreb. p.p. (Comp.). 



Gymnanthera R. Br. Asclepiadaceae (i). 5 E. Indomal. 



Gyinnanthes Sw. Euphorbiaceae (A. n. 7). ro trop. Am., W.I. 



Gymnaplatanthera x G. Camus. Orchidaceae. Hybrid, Gymnadenia 

 Platanthera. 



Gymnarrhena Desf. Compositae (4). i Medit., W. As. 



Gymnartocarpus Boerlage. Moraceae (n). i Java. 



Gymnema R. Br. Asclepiadaceae (n. 3). 30 W. Afr. to Austr. The 

 leaves of G. sylvestre R. Br. contain gymnemic acid, and when chewed 

 temporarily destroy the capacity of tasting sugar. 



Gymnemopsis Constantin. Asclepiadaceae (n. 3). i Cochinchina. 



Gymnigritella x G. Camus. Orchidaceae. Hybrid, Gymnadenia 

 Nigritella. 2 Eur. 



Gymnobalanus Nees et Mart. = Ocotea Aubl. p.p. (Laur.). 



Gymnocarpos Forsk. Caryophyllaceae (i. 4). i Canaries to India, 

 used as fodder for camels. 



Gymnochilus Blume. Orchidaceae (n. i}. 2 Mascarenes. 



Gymnocladus Lam. Leguminosae (n. 7). 2 China and N. Am. 

 Serial axillary buds. G. canadensis Lam. (Kentucky coffee tree) 

 good timber. 



Gymnocline Cass. = Chrysanthemum L. p.p. (Compos.). 



Gymnocoronis DC. Compositae (2). 2 trop. Arn. 



Gymnodiscus Less. Compositae (8). 2 S. Afr. 



Gymnogonum Parry (Oxytheca p.p.)- Polygonaceae (i. r). i N. Am. 



Gymnogramma Desv. Polypodiaceae. 80, esp. trop. G. leptophylla 

 Desv., an annual fern, in Jersey. 



Gymnolaema Benth. Asclepiadaceae (i). i Kilimandjaro. 



Gymnolaena Rydberg. Compositae (6). 4 Mexico. 



Gymnolomia H. B. et K. Compositae (5). 25 N. and trop. Am. 



Gymnopentzia Benth. Compositae (7). 2 S. Afr. 



Gymnopetalum Arn. Cucurbitaceae (3). 6 Indomal. 



Gymnopodium Rolfe. Polygonaceae (m. i). i C. Am. 



Gymnopogon Beauv. Gramineae (n). 6 Am., Ceylon. 



Gymnopsis DC. = Gymnolomia H. B. et K. (Compos.). 



Gymnopteris Bernh. Polypodiaceae. 15 warm Am., As. 



Gynmoschoenus Nees (Mesomelaena BH.). Cyperaceae (11). 2 Austr. 



Gymnosiphon Blume. Burmanniaceae. 10 trop. 



Gymnosperma Less. Compositae (3). i Texas, Mexico. 



Gymnospermae. One of the two great divisions of Spermaphyta or 

 seed-plants, distinguished from Angiospermae by the fact that the 

 cpls. are not so infolded or united as to form an ovary round the 

 ovules ; also the endosp. (female prothallus) is formed before fertili- 

 sation. The existing G. are divided into four great classes, Cycads, 

 Ginkgoales, Conifers, and Gnetales. These differ very much from 

 one another, so much so that it is by no means impossible that the 

 Gymnosperms are polyphyletic. The Cycads traced backwards show 

 a maximum in the Jurassic, decreasing until about the end of the 



