ISOBERLINIA 345 



little flap, whose upper surface is the stigma. Bees entering the fl. 



to get the honey secreted by the ovary rub off their pollen upon the 



stigma ; going farther in they get fresh pollen ; and when they come 



out close the stigma flap, which prevents self-fert. (cf. Viola). The 



flat seeds are suited to wind-dislr. 



The dried rhiz. of I . florentina L. (Orris root) smells like violets, 



and is used in perfumery; 'essence of violets' is made from it. 

 Irlbachia Mart. (Lisianthus Bff.}. Gentianaceae (i). 3 trop. S. Am. 

 Irmischia Schlechtd. (Metastelma BH.}. Asclepiad. (n. i). 3 Mex., 



W.I. 

 Iron bark, Eucalyptus; -shrub (W.I.), Sauvagesia crecta L. ; -weed 



(Am.), }'ernonia; - wood, Mesna, &c. , applied to different woods in 



different countries. 



Irregular (fl.), one in which any whorl has members not all alike. 

 Irritability, sensitiveness to stimuli. 



Irvlngella VanTiegh. (Irvingia p.p.)- Simarub. 10 trop. Afr. and As. 

 Irvlngia Hook. f. Simarubaceae. 8 trop. Afr. and As. Butters from 



the seeds (cay-cay, dika, &c.). 

 Iryanthera Warb. (Myristica p.p. BH.}. Myristicaceae. 4 N. trop. 



S. Am. 



Isabella Barb. Rodr. Orchidaceae (n. 6). i Brazil. 

 Isachne R. Br. Gramineae (5). 30 trop. and subtrop. 

 Isandra F. Muell. Solanaceae (inc. sed.). i Austr. 

 Isanthera Nees. Gesneriaceae (i). 3 Indomal. 

 Isanthus L. C. Rich, in Michx. Labiatae (i). i N. Am. 

 Isatis Tourn. ex L. Cruciferae (2). 50 Medit., Eur., As. /. tinctoria 



L. is the woad, largely used as a dye before the introduction of indigo. 



It is prepared by grinding the leaves to a paste and fermenting them. 



[Nature, 55, pp. 36.795 61, pp. 331, 563.] 

 Ischaemum L. Gramineae (2). 40 trop. and subtrop. 

 Ischarum Blume=Biarum Schott (Araceae). 

 Ischnoa F. Muell. Compositae (7). i New Guinea. 

 Ischnocentrum Schlechter. Orchidaceae (n. a. in). New Guinea. 

 Ischnochloa Hook. f. Gramineae (2). i N.W. Himalaya. 

 Ischnogyne Schlechter. Orchidaceae (n. 16). i Yunnan. 

 Ischnolepis Jumelle et Perrier. Asclepiadaceae (i). i Madag. 

 Ischnosiphon Koern. Marantaceae. 20 trop. Am. 

 Ischnostemma King et Gamble. Asclepiadaceae (n. i). i Malaya. 

 Ischnurus Balf. f. Gramineae (12). i Socotra. 



Iseilema Anderss. (Anthistiria p.p. BH. ). Gramineae (2). 5 Indomal. 

 Isertia Schreb. Rubiaceae (i. 7). 10 S. Am. 

 Isidorea A. Rich. Rubiaceae (i. i). i W.I. 



Island floras, cf. Wallace, Island Life, Willis in Ann. Bot. 1916-17. 

 Ismeue Salisb. = Hymenocallis Salisb. (Amaryllid.). 

 Isnardia L. = Ludwigia L. (Onagrac.). 

 Iso- (Gr. pref.), equal, especially in number; -bilateral (L), with 



symmetrical internal structure, and edge to the light, Acorns, Aspho- 



dehis, Eucalyptus, Gladiolus, Nartheciuin ; -diametric, of equal 



diameters ; -merous, with equal numbers in every whorl ; -sporous, 



with all spores alike ; -stemonous, with sta. in one whorl, as many as P. 

 Isoberlinia Craib et Stapf. Leguminosae (n. 3). 2 Nigeria. 



