LEAF 369 



lobes sticking out horiz. at the base), sagittate (two lobes projecting 

 towards the stem), spatulate (spoon -shaped, as in daisy), &c. If a 1. 

 be of lanceolate shape but the general tapering be towards the base, 

 it is called oblanceolate (E) ; so also obovate or obcordate. If wedge- 

 shaped, tapering to the base, it is cuneate. The 1. may be oblique or 

 asymmetrical (F), when the midrib divides it into unequal halves, as 

 in Begonia. 



The 1. (or leaflet) may be entire, i.e. without notches in the 

 margin (A), or incised; the margin may also be fringed or fimbriate, 

 cartilaginous, membranous, wavy or undulate (as in holly), curled or 

 crisped (as in sea-kale), spiny (Gc), glandular (with sticky hairs or 

 glands ; G<?), ciliate (with fine projecting hairs), &c. If the margin has 

 small teeth pointing forwards, it is serrate (B), if pointing outwards, 

 dentate (Gc); if the teeth are rounded but the notches sharp, the 

 margin is crenate (C), if both teeth and notches are rounded, it is 

 simiate (D). If the depth of the divisions is equal to \ the distance 

 from midrib to margin, i.e. if the incisions are conspicuous in pro- 

 portion to the size of the blade, other terms come into use. If the 

 notching is from \ to the depth, the 1. is -fid (D), if J to f , -partite, if 

 over f , -sect. Prefixes oipinnati- or palmati- are used before these terms 

 to express the particular form of notching, which depends upon the 

 venation. The portions into which the 1. is thus divided are termed 

 lobes or segments. Special terms are employed for such 1. as mustard 

 (lyrate, the end lobe very large), dandelion (runcinate, the lobes 

 pointing backwards), hellebore (pedale), &c. 



The apex maybe acute (pointed; A), obtuse (blunt; C), acumi- 

 nate (tapering in hollow curves to a long fine point; B), emarginate 

 (notched), refuse (broadly do.; Gd), mucronate (with large stiff point 

 on nearlystraightedge; Gi>), apiculate (do. with small point; F), truncate 

 or praemorse( broad, straight end, as if bitten oK),cirrhose (tendrilled). 



The surface of the 1., as of other parts, may be glabrous (without 

 hairs), pilose (soft, scattered hairs), downy or pubescent (fine, soft 

 hairs), hairy (coarser), hispid (rough, bristly), tomentose (with a 

 cottony felt), woolly, glandular-hairy; scabrous (rough), smooth, 

 prickly, glaucous (with bluish waxy gloss), reticulate (netted), rugose 

 (ridged or wrinkled), squarrose (roughly scurfy), &c. Hairs may be 

 spreading m a//n?.sW(nattened down), jz;////V(unbranched), glandular 

 (Ge), bifid, stellate (like a starfish), squamate (scaly), &c.; prickles 

 may be straight or curved, bent backwards (retrorse), &c. The 1. may 

 be doited with oil-glands, or variegated in colour, green, red, &c. ; 

 frequent shades are fulvous (tawny), rubiginose (rust-coloured), &c. 

 The texture maybe thin or herbaceous, coriaceous (leathery), siuculent 

 or fleshy, membranous or scarious (thin, dry, not green, and flexible or 

 stiff respectively), &c. 



L. may be evergreen or deciduous (falling in winter) ; in this case 

 articulate (cut off by special absciss layer and falling early), or non- 

 articulate (hanging on to the stem, though dead, for an indefinite 

 period, as in beech hedges, oak, &c.). The vernation, or folding in 

 bud, is descr. like the aestivation of flower-buds (y.v.) ; the following 

 terms are also used to describe the folding of the individual 1., con- 

 duplicate (folded lengthwise as in oak), plicate (folded several times ; 



W. 24 



