400 L YSIAS 



Lysias Salisb. (Habenaria p.p. BH., Platanthera p.p. EP.). Orchid- 

 aceae (n. i). 2 N. Am. 



Lysicarpus F. Muell Myrtaceae (n. i). r Queensland. 



Lysichiton Schott. Araceae (in), i temp. E. As. 



Lysidice Hance. Leguminosae (u. 3). r S. China. 



Lysiella Rydberg (Habenaria p.p.). Orchid. (11. i). N. Am. 



Lysiloma Benth. Leguminosae (i. i). 10 trop. Am., W.I. 



LysimacMa (Tourn.) L. Primulaceae. 60 temp, and subtrop. ; 4 in 

 Brit. L. vulgaris L., yellow loosestrife, is said by Mtiller to occur 

 in two forms, one in sunny places with large fls. suited to crossing, 

 and one in shady spots with small self-fert. fls. L. neinorui L. (yellow 

 pimpernel) and L. Nuiiinntlnria L. (moneywort) also in Brit. 



Lysimachiopsis A. A. Heller (Lysimachia p.p.). Primul. 4 Hawaiian 

 Is. 



Lysinema R. Br. Epacridaceae (2). 5 W. Austr. 



Lysionotus D. Don. Gesneriaceae (i). 5 Himalaya, China. 



Lysiosepalum F. Muell. Sterculiaceae. "2 W. Austr. 



Lysiostyles Benth. Convolvulaceae (i). i Guiana. 



Lysipomia H. B. et K. Campanulaceae (in). 7 Andes. 



Lytanthus Wettst. (Globularia p.p.). Globular. 2 Canaries, Azores. 



Lythraceae (EP. ; BH. incl. Oliniaceae, Pitnicaceae). Dicots. (Archichl. 

 Myrtiflorae). 21 gen., 500 sp., all zones but frigid. Herbs, shrubs, 

 or trees ; 1. usu. opp., entire, simple, with very small stipules or none. 

 Fls. in racemes, panicles, or dichasial cymes, ? , reg. or -|- , usu 4- or 

 6-merous. The axis (' calyx-tube') is hollow, generally tubular. The 

 sepals are valvate, and frequently possess an epicalyx, formed, as in 

 Potentilla, of combined slips. Petals crumpled in bud, sometimes 

 absent. Sta. inserted (often very low down) on calyx-tube, typically 

 twice as many as sepals, but sometimes fewer or oo . G with simple 

 style and usu. capitate stigma ; 2 6-loc. , at the base at least, rarely 

 i-loc. with parietal placenta. Ovules usu. oo , anatr., ascending. The 

 fls. of Lythrum (ij.v.) and others are heterostyled. Dry fr., usu. cap- 

 sular. No endosp. A few yield dyes (Lawsonia, &c. ), or are medicinal. 

 Chief genera: Peplis, Lythrum, Cuphea, Lagerstroemia. 



Lythrum L. Lythraceae. 23 cosmop. ; 2 in Brit., incl. L. Salicaria L. 

 (purple loosestrife). The 6-merous fls. are sol. or in small axillary 

 dichasia like Labiatae. Each has 12 sta. in two whorls of different 

 length, and the style again is of different length to any of the sta. 

 Three forms of fl. occur (frimorpkism), each on a separate pi.; they 

 are distinguished as long- mid- and short-styled fls. The diagram illus- 

 trates the arrangement of parts (S= stigma, C A A 

 A = anthers, B = base of fl.), as seen in side ^ a g 3 ^ 3 

 view. It is evident that an insect visiting \ ' 2 . 2 2 

 the fls. will tend on the whole to transfer j, 1 V, 1 p 

 pollen from A 3 to S 3 , A 2 to S 2) A x to S 1( , ., , 

 rather than from sta. of one length to style , ""' a , 

 of another, for it will enter these fls. in the St y led 

 same way and to the same depth. The sta. and style project so far 

 that an insect can alight directly upon them. Darwin (Forms of 

 Flowers) showed by a long series of experiments that the best results 

 are obtained by pollinating 83 from AS, or Sj from Aj, &c. , i.e. by 



