466 OPHRYS 



Ophrys L. Orchidaceae (n. i). 30 Eur.. W. As., N. Afr. (0. apifera 

 Huds., bee-orchis, 0. aranifera Huds., spider-orchis, O. muscifera 

 Huds., fly-orchis, in Brit.). Terrestrial herbs with habit and fl. chars, 

 of Orchis. O. apifera is one of the few self-fert. orchids. If the 

 pollinia are not removed by insects (as in Orchis) they drop out of 

 the anther and dangle on their long caudicles in front of the stigma, 

 against which they get blown or knocked (see Darwin). 



Ophthalmoblapton Allem. Euphorbiaceae (A. n. 7). 4 Brazil. 



Opicrina Rafin. Compositae (inc. sed.). 2 N. Am. 



Opilia Roxb. Opiliaceae. 6 palaeotrop. Fl. $ , heterochlam., with 

 seam-like K. G with one ov. without integument. 



Opiliaceae ( EP. ; Olacineae p.p. BH.}. Dicots. (Archichl. Santalales). 

 Only genus Opilia, q.v. 



Opisthocentra Hook. f. Melastomaceae (i). i N. Brazil. 



Opium, Papaver somniferum L. 



OpiziaJ. et C. Presl. Gramineae (n). i Mexico. 



Oplismenus Beauv. Gramineae (5). 5 trop. and subtrop. 



Oplotheca Nutt. = Froelichia Moench (Amarant.). 



Opocunonia Schlechter. Cunoniaceae. 4 New Guinea. 



Opopanax Koch. Umbelliferae (in. 6). 4 Medit. Gum opopanax, 

 used in perfumery, is obtained from incisions in the roots. 



Opopanax, gum -, Opopanax, 



Oporanthus Herb. = Sternbergia Waldst. et Kit. p.p. (Amaryll.). 



Opposite (L), two at a node, at angle r8o; -ifolius, with opp. 1. 



-opsis (Gr. suff.), -like. 



Opulus Tourn. ex L. = Viburnum L. p.p. (Caprifol.). 



Opulaster Medic. (Ncillia BH., Physocarpns EP.}. Ros. (i. i). 20 

 N. Am. 



Opuntia Tourn. ex Mill. Cactaceae (n). 200 Am. Some have be- 

 come troublesome weeds in Austr., &c. Fleshy stemmed, usu. with 

 small fleshy 1., which drop off very early (see fam.). In O. snbu/ata 

 Engelm. the 1. are large and do a good deal of assimilation. Some, 

 e.g. 0. Slapeliae DC., have mammilla-like cushions; O. brasiliensis 

 Haw. has the main stem cylindrical and the lat. ones flat ; most have 

 all the stems flattened, e.g. O. vulgaris Mill, (prickly pear), 0. Ficus- 

 indica Mill. (Indian fig), &c. (see Goebel s PJlanzenbiol. Sch. I. p. 73 

 seq. ). The 1. of the lat. shoots usu. form groups of thorns, but in 

 O. diademata Lem. are ribbon-like and scaly- Many are veg. pro- 

 pagated by the detachment of branches, e.g. O.fragilis Haw., which 

 rarely flowers at all. The fr. of prickly pear, &c. are ed.; some are 

 used for hedge-making, others as food for cochineal-insects (see 

 Nopalea). [For O. coccinellifera Steud. see Nopalea.] 



Opuntiales. The 28th order of Archichlamydeae. 



Orache, A triplex. 



Orange, Citrus Anrantium L. ; -grass (Am.), Hypericum Sarolhra 

 Michx.; Jamaica mandarin -, Glycosmis; mandarin-, Citrus nobilis 

 Lour.; osage-, Madura aurantiaca Nutt. ; -root (Am.), Hydrastis; 

 wild- (W.I.), Dry petes. 



Orania Zippel. Palmae (iv. i). 5 Malay Archipelago. 

 Orbea Haw. =Stapelia L. p.p. (Asclep.). 

 Orbicular (1. ), circular in outline. 



