PRIMULA CEAE 5 3 7 



Preserving-, cf. Collecting. 



Preslia Opiz. Labiatae (vi). i W. Medit. 



Prestoea Hook. f. Palmae (iv. i). 2 Trinidad, Colombia. 



Prestonia R. Br. Apocynaceae (n. 2). 30 trop. Am. 



Pretrea f. Gay. Pedaliaceae. i S. and trop. Afr. 



Pretreothamnus Engl. Pedaliaceae. i Somaliland. 



Preussiella Gilg. Melastomaceae (i). i W. trop. Afr. 



Prevostea Choisy (Breweria p.p. BH.}. Convolv. (i). 10 trop. Afr., 

 Am. 



Prickly ash, Zanthoxylum fraxineitin Willd. ; -heath, Pernettya', 

 -lettuce, Lactuca; - pear, Opuntia; -pole (W. I.), Bactris', -poppy 

 (Am.), Argemone; -shield-fern, Aspidinm acnhatum Sw. ; -withe 

 (W.I.), Cereus triangularis Mill. 



Priestleya DC. Leguminosae (in. 3). 158. Afr. 



Prim (Am.), privet, Li gust rum vulgare L. 



Primine, outer coat of an ovule. 



Primrose, Primula vulgaris Huds. ; Cape-, Streptocarpus ; Chinese-, 

 Primula sineiisis Sabine; evening-, Oenothera; -willow (W.I.), 

 Jussieua. 



Primula L. Primulaceae. 210 N. hemisph. chiefly in hilly districts. 

 A few elsewhere, e.g. P. farinosa L. , var. magellanica Hook., at the 

 Str. of Magelhaen. The rhizome is a sym podium, each joint termi- 

 nating in an infl. In some sp. this consists of successive whorls 

 of fls. arranged up a long stalk, e.g. japonica A. Gray. A few of 

 the more important sp. are: P. sinensis Sabine, the Chinese prim- 

 rose, P. elatior Hill, the oxlip (Brit.); P. vulgaris Huds. (P. acaulis 

 Hill), the primrose (Brit.), P. veris Lehm. (P. offidnalis Jacq.), the 

 cowslip (Brit.), P. farinosa, L. (Brit.), P. japonica A. Gray, P. Au- 

 ricula L., the auricula with its many forms. A great many hybrids 

 occur, and garden vars. In the double crowned cowslip the K has 

 become petaloid, so that the fl. looks as if it had two Cs, one within 

 the other. 



The fls. are dimorphic, heterostyled. On one pi. are long-styled 

 fls. with sta. halfway up the tube and the stigma at its mouth; on 

 another plant are short-styled fls., with stigma halfway up and 

 anthers at the mouth. The depth and narrowness of the tube suit the 

 fl. to bees or butterflies, and these tend to carry pollen from long sta. 

 to long style or from short to short. These 'legitimate' pollinations 

 (see Lythrum) which are at the same time crossings, are the only 

 ones which produce a full complement of fertile seed. 



The fl. stalks in umbellate forms, e.g. cowslip, stand close and 

 erect till the fls. open, then spread out, and close up again as the fr. 

 ripens ; thus the caps, is held erect and the seeds must be shaken out. 

 Primulaceae (EP.,BH.). Dicots. (Sympet. Primulales). 28gen., 35osp. 

 co.smop., but esp. N. temp. 9 Brit, genera. Herbaceous pi., commonly 

 perenn., with rhiz. or tubers; 1. opp. or alt., exstip. Fls. often borne 

 on scapes, which when > i -flowered are term. ; they are usually 

 actinom., 5 , often heterostyled, and j-merous, without bracteoles, 

 the odd ( 4 th) sepal post. K (5) persistent; C (5), reg. (exc. Coris), 



or 5, or o (Glaux) ; A 5, epipet. and opp. the pets.; occasionally 

 5 stds. alt. 'with the pets.; anthers intr. The presence of the stds. here 



