640 TAXONOMY 



Taxonomy, classification of plants liy their affinities. 



TaxotropMs Blume. Moraceae (i). 4 Indonial. 



Taxus (Tourn.) L. Coniferae (Taxaceae, 9 ; see C. for gen. char.). 

 8 N. temp., incl. T. baccata L. , the yew. No short shoots, but the 

 1. of the spreading branches arrange themselves closely in two rows 

 with their upper surfaces nearly in one plane, giving a dorsi-ventral 

 structure to the shoot. Fls. dioec., sol. in the axils of the 1. of the 

 preceding year. The 3 has a few scale-1. below and about 8 or 10 

 sta., each of which is shield -shaped with a number of pollen-sacs on 

 the axial side of the shield arranged round its stalk like the sporangia 

 in Equisetum. The has a rather complex structure. The primary 

 axis bears scale-1. only. In the axil of one of the uppermost of these 

 arises a shoot, continuing the line of the first axis and bearing 3 

 pairs of scales and a term, ovule. This is orthotr. with one integu- 

 ment, and develops into a seed surrounded by a cup-shaped red and 

 fleshy aril. 



The wood of the yew is valuable; in the middle ages it was the 

 chief material used in making bows. The 1. are very poisonous, but 

 the aril is harmless. Birds swallow it, and thus dist. the seeds. 



Tayotum Blanco. Inc. sed. i Phil. Is. 



TcMhatchewia Boiss. Cruciferae (4). i Armenia. 



Tea, 7'/iea, Catha, Leihmi, Neea, Priva, Stachytarpheta ; Algerian -, 

 Paronychia; Australian -tree, Melaleuca; Labrador -, Ledum; Mexi- 

 can -, Chenopodium ; Oswego -, Monarda ; Paraguay -, Ilex para- 

 gucnsis A. St Hil. ; -plant, Lycitim; Salvador-, Gaitltheria; West 

 Indian -, Capraria. 



Teak, Tectona grandis L. f . ; bastard -, Butea frondosa Roxb. 



Tear thumb (Am.), Polygonuni. 



Teasel, Dipsacus Fiillonum L. 



Teclea Delile (Toddalia BH.). Rutaceae (iv). 10 trop. Afr. 



Tecoma Juss. (BH. incl. Tecomaria Spach, Campsis Lour., Camp- 

 sidium Seem., Pandorea Endl., and other gen.). Bignonia- 

 ceae (2). 90 trop. and warm temp. T. radicans Juss. climbs like 

 ivy. 



Tecomanthe Baill. Bignoniaceae (2). i New Guinea. 



Tecomaria Spach (Tecoma p.p. BH.). Bignoniaceae (2). 5 S. Am., 

 S. Afr. 



Tecomella Seem. (Tecoma p.p. BH.}. Bignoniaceae (2). i Arabia, 

 S.W. As. 



Tecophilea Bert, ex Colla. Amaryllidaceae (m). 2 Chili. 



Tecticornia Hook. f. Chenopodiaceae (A), i Austr. 



Tectona L. f. Verbenaceae (4). 3 Indomal. T. grandis L. f. is the 

 teak, cult, in Java, India, &c., for its timber, which is very hard and 

 durable ; enormous quantities are used for ship-building, iScc. There 

 are two areas of teak, in the W. peninsula and Burma ; it grows in 

 deciduous forest, but not gregariously. The wood sinks in water 

 unless thoroughly dried ; this is effected in India by the process of 

 ' girdling,' which consists in removing a ring of bark and sap-wood 

 from the tree near the base. It soon dies, and is left standing for 

 two years. 



Teedia Rudolphi. Scrophulariaceae (ll. 4). 2 S. Afr. 



