XANTHO CEPHA L UM 69 1 



Wooden pear, Xylomeluin. 



Woodfordia Salisb. Lythraceae. 2, i Abyss., and i (IV. floribunda 

 Salisb.) Madag., Ind., Ceyl., China, Timor. 



Woodia Schlechter. Asclepiadaceae (n. i). 4 S. Afr. 



Woodrowia Stapf. Gramineae (8). i India. 



Woodsia R. Br. Polypodiaceae. 25 alpine and arctic. IV. ilvensis 

 Br. and W. hyperborea Br. rare alpine ferns in Brit. 



Woodwardia Sm. Polypodiaceae. 7 %_. 



Woollsia F. Muell. (Lysinenia EP.}. Epacridaceae (2). i E. Austr. 



Wootonia Greene. Compositae (5). r New Mexico. 



Worcesteriantlius Merrill. Olacaceae. i Phil. Is. 



Worm grass (Am., W.I.), Spigelia Anthdiuia L. ; -seed, Chenopo- 

 dhii; -wood, Artemisia. 



Wormia Rottb. (Dillenia p.p. EP.). Dilleniaceae. 20 trop. As., Afr. 

 The bud is protected by a sheathing petiole. 



Wormskioldia Thonn. Turneraceae. 8 trop. Afr. 



Wound wort, Stachys Betonica Benth. 



Wourali, Strychnos toxifera Schomb. 



Wrack grass, Zoster a. 



Wrightia R. Br. Apocynaceae (n. 2). 14 palaeotrop. 



Wrixonia F. Muell. Labiatae (n). i W. Austr. 



Wulfenia Jacq. Scrophulariaceae (in. i). 3 E. Medit., Himal. 



Wulffla Neck. Compositae (5). 2 W.I., S. Am. 



Wulfhorstia C. DC. Meliaceae (n). i trop. Afr. 



Wullschlaegelia Reichb. f. Orchidaceae (n. 2). 2 W. L, Brazil. 



Wunderlichia Riedel. Compositae (12). 3 Brazil. 



Wunschmannia Urb. (Bignonia^.^.']. Bignoniaceae (i). i Haiti. 



Wurmbea Thunb. Liliaceae (i). 7 S. and S. trop. Afr., W. Austr. 



Wych elm, Ulinus montana With. 



Wyethia Nutt. Compositae (5). 12 W. N. Am. 



Wyomingia A. Nelson. Compositae (3). 2 Wyoming. 



Xanth-, xantho- (Gr. pref.), yellow. 



X.antherantliemum Lindau (Chainaeranthemum BH.). Acanthaceae 

 (iv B). r Peru. Cult. orn. fl. 



Xanthisma DC. Compositae (3). i Texas. Cult. orn. fl. 



Xanthium (Tourn.) L. Compositae (5). 4 Medit. They have been 

 so widely distr. by man (unintentionally) that it is hard to discover 

 their native place. Fls. in unisexual heads, single or in axillary 

 cymes, the <? at the ends of the branches. The ? head has 2 fls., 

 enclosed in a prickly gamophyllous invol., only the styles projecting 

 from it through openings in the two horns of the invol. The frs. are 

 enclosed in the hard woody invol., which is covered with hooks and 

 well suited to animal-distr. One sp. has gradually spread in this 

 way from the East of Europe. "In 1828 it was brought into Wal- 

 lachia by the Cossack horses, whose manes and tails were covered 

 with the burrs. It travelled in Hungarian wool, and in cattle from 

 the same region, to Regensburg, and on to Hamburg, appearing 

 here and there on the way." Strenuous laws for its extirpation have 

 been enforced in South Africa, where at one time it had become so 

 common as seriously to impair the value of the wool. 

 Xanthocephalum Willd. Compositae (3). 12 warm Am. 



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