CINCHONA 145 



probably repres. 1. of an undeveloped branch ; above is a normal 

 branch. 



Churrus, charas, Cannabts. 



Ctiusquea Kunth. Gramineae (13). 35 Am. Like Bambusa (q.v.}. 

 Ciiar. of high plateau in S. Am. 



Chydenanthus Mier^ (Barnngtonia p.p. BH.}. Lecvth. i Java. 



Chylismia Nutt. (Oenothera p.p.)- Onagr. (2). 10 W. U.S. 



Chylocauly, stem succulence ; -phylly. leaf succulence. 



Chymococca Meissn. Thymelaeaceae. i S. Afr. 



Cnymsydia Alboff (Agasyllis EP.}. Umbell. (in. 6). I Cameroons. 



Chysis Lindl. Orchulaceae (n. 9). 6 trop. Am. Cult. 



Chytranthus Hook. f. Sapindaceae (i). 10 trop. W. Afr. 



Chytroglossa Reichb. f. Orchiclaceae (n. 19). 2 Brazil. 



Cibotium Kaulf. Cyatheaceae. 10 trop. Am., Polynesia, As. The 

 famous Tartarian lamb of early travellers was the rhiz. of C. barometz 

 Link. 



Cicatrix, a scar. 



Cicca L. = rhyllanthus L. pp. (Euph.). 



Cicely, Mvrrhis odorata Scop. 



Cicendia Allans. Gentianaceae (i). i, C. pusilla Griseb., S.W. Eur. 

 and Channel Is. (For C.filiformis Delarb. see Microcala.) 



Cicer (Tourn.) L. Legum. (in. y). 15 W. As. Accessory buds in 

 axils in some. C.arietmwn L. (chick-pea, gram), cult, food S. Eur., 

 Ind. 



Cichorium (Tourn.) L. Compos. (13). 8 Meclit., Eur., N. As. C. 

 Intybui, i,. (chicory), Brit. The r., roasted and ground, are mixed 

 with coffee. C. Endivia L. (endive), a pot-herb ; its 1. being blanched. 



Ciconium Sweet = Pelargonium L'Herit. pp. (Geran.). 



Cicuta (Tourn.) L. Umhelliferae (ill. 5). 6 N. temp. C.virosa'L. 

 (cow-bane or water-hemlock) Brit. Highly poisonous. 



Cienfuegosia Cav. (Fugosia Juss.). Malv. (4). 30 Am., Afr., Austr. 



Cienkowskia Regel et Rach. Boragin. (?). i, habitat? 



Cilia, hair-like bodies ; -te. with fine projecting hairs. 



Cimicifuga L. (Actaea L. p.p. EP.). Ranunc. (2). 12 N. temp. C. 

 foetida\^. (bugbane, Eur.), used as preventive against vermin. R. of 

 C. racemosa Nutt. (black snake-root, N. Am.) emetic. 



Cinchona L. Rubiaceae (i. 5). 40 Andes. Trees. Fl. heterostyled 

 in some. The source of Peruvian or Jesuit's bark, from which are 

 extracted the valuable drugs ('alkaloids) quinine, cinchonidme, &c. 

 The tree used to be cut down to obtain the bark and there was danger 

 of extinction until cult, was started on a large scale. An expedition 

 to the Andes in 1859 brought it to the east, where Ceylon took up its 

 cult., and upon so large a >cale as to reduce the price of quinine from 

 12s. to is. an ounce. Decrease in price, the lack of any improvement 

 in 'he barks, and attacks of disease, made the cult, die out in Ceylon, 

 and lava, where improvement was taken in hand, now almost mono- 

 polises it. India grows a good deal for supply to natives through the 

 post offices. Several sp. are used, e.g. C. Calisaya Wedd. (yellow, 

 and some crown, bark), C. Ledgeriana Moens (yellow bark, the richest 

 in alkaloid), C. cordifolia Mutis (Cartagena bark), C. officinalis L. 

 (condamined H. & B. ) (Loxa, crown or brown bark), C. siucinibra 



W. 10 



