cocas 153 



Cochlearia Tourn. ex L. Cruciferae (2). 20 Eur., As. Minor. C. qffici- 

 nalis L. (scurvy-grass) in Brit, with fleshy 1., chiefly at the seaside 

 and on mts. (cf. Armeria). The thick root of C. Armoracia L. (horse- 

 radish) is a condiment. 



Cochleate, coiled shell-shaped. 



Cochlianthus Benth. Leguminosae (in. 10). i Nepal. 



Cochlioda Lindl. Orchid, (n. 19). 5 trop. S. Am. Cult. 



Cochliostema Lem. Commelinaceae. i Ecuador, C. odoratissima Lem., 

 cult. orn. perf. fl. The filaments of the fertile sta. develope both lat. 

 and beyond the anthers into large wings. Anther-loculi spiral. 



Cochlospermaceae (EP.; Bixineae p.p. BH.}. Dicots. (Archichl. 

 Parietales). 3 gen., 18 sp. trop. Trees and shrubs usu. with lobed 

 1. and racemose infl. of large $ , reg. or slightly [ fl. K 4 5, C 4 5, 

 A oo , G (3 5) with oo ov. in each on axile or parietal plac. Caps. 

 Oily endosp. 



Coclilospermuin Kunth. Cochlospermaceae. 12 trop., mostly xero. ; 

 some have stout tuberous underground stems ; many drop their 1. and 

 flower in the dry season. Some cult. orn. 



Cochranea Miers. Boraginaceae (in). 10 Chili. 



Cockburnia Half. f. Globulariaceae. i Socotra. 



Cockle (Am.), Lychnis; -bur (Am.), Xanthimn. 



Cock's comb, Celosia cristata L. ; -head. (W.I.), Desmodium tortuosum 

 DC.; -foot grass, Dactylis glomerata L. ; -spur (W.I.), Pisonia 

 aculeata L. ; -spur thorn (Ceylon), Acacia eburnea Willd. 



Coco, Colocasia antiquorum Schott ; -de-mer, Lodoicea Seychellarum 

 Labill.; -nut, Cocos nucifera L., Lodoicea; -plum, Chrysobalanus 

 Icaco L. ; water nut, Nipa f net icons Thunb. ; -wood (W.I.), Inga 

 vera Willd. 



Cocoa, Theobrotna Cacao L., and other spp. 



Cocops O. F. Cook. Palmaceae (iv. i). \ W. Indies. 



Cocos L. Palmae (IV. 2). 60 trop., esp. C. mtcifera L. (coconut), cult, 

 throughout trop. It grows esp. well near to the sea, and its fibrous 

 and woody fr. is capable of floating long distances uninjured, hence 

 it forms a char, feature of marine island veg., and indeed probably 

 became widely distr. in early times. It is a tall palm with large 

 pinnate 1. and a dense monoec. infl. The .stem rarely stands vertically, 

 but makes a gradual curve; this would appear to be due to helio- 

 tropism. Fr. large, one-seeded. The outer layer of the pericarp is 

 fibrous, the inner very hard (the shell of the coconuts sold in shops). 

 At the base are 3 marks, corresponding to the 3 loc. of the ovary, 

 two of which have become obliterated. Under one of these is the 

 embryo. The thin testa is lined with white endosp., enclosing a large 

 cavity, partly filled with a milky fluid. This palm furnishes many 

 of the necessaries of life to the inhabitants of the tropics, and its 

 products are largely exported from Ceylon, the Philippines, &c. 

 The large 1. are woven into cadjans for thatching, mats, baskets, &c. ; 

 their stalks and midribs make fences, brooms, yokes, and many other 

 articles ol furniture. The bud or " cabbage " at the apex of the stem 

 makes an excellent v< getable and is made into pickles and preserves. 

 When flowering the infl. -axis is tapped for toddy, a drink like the 

 Mexican pulque (cf. Agave), containing sugar. Evap. .of toddy 



