1 86 CRE PIS 



220 N. Hemisph., S. Afr., S. Am.; 6 in Brit, (hawk's beard). Like 

 Hieracium. 



Crescentia L. Bignon. (iv). 5 trop. Am. Fls. on old stems, succeeded 

 by gourd-like berries ; the epicarp is woody, and after removal of the 

 pulp forms a calabash (C. Cnjete L., calabash tree, most used). 



Cress, Lepidium sativitin L. ; American-, Barbarca praecox R. Br. ; 

 bitter-, Cardamine ; Indian-, Tropaeoluni; penny-, 7Yi/aipi; rock-, 

 Arabis; water-, Nasturtium officinale R. Br. ; winter-, Barbarea; 

 yellow-, Barbarea, Nasturtium. 



Cressa L. Convolvulaceae (i). 5 trop. and subtrop. 



Crest, a ridge or outgrowth. 



Cretaceous, chalky. 



Cribriform, sieve-like. 



Crinitus (Lat.), with soft hairs. 



Crinodendron Molina (Tricuspidaria R. et P.). Elaeocarp. 2 Chili. 



Crinum L. Amaryllidaceae (i). 70 trop. and subtrop., esp. on sea- 

 coasts. Large bulbous pi. with showy fls. The seed of C. asiaticum L. 

 (Goebel, Pftanzenbiol. Schild. \. p. 128) has a very thin corky covering 

 and is suited to distr. by water and early germination. The ovule has 

 no integuments, and the testa is replaced by a formation of cork at the 

 outside of the endosp. Cult. orn. fl. 



Crioceras Pierre (Tabernaemontana p.p.). Apocyn. (i. 3). 2 trop. Afr. 



Crisp, crispate, crisped, curled. 



Cristaria (Heist.) Cav. Malvaceae (2). 30 Chili, Peru. 



Cristatella Nutt. Capparidaceae (v). 2 S.W. U.S. 



Cristatus (Lat.), crested. 



Crithmum L. Umbelliferae (in. 5). i C. niaritimiiin L., the samphire, 

 on rocky coasts, Medit., Eur. (incl. Brit.). It has much divided and 

 very fleshy 1. Used for making pickles. 



Crocidium Hook. Compositae (8). i W. N. Am. 



Crocion Nieuwland (Viola p.p.). Violaceae. 2 N. Am. 



Crockeria Greene ex A. Gray. Compositae (6). i Calif. 



Crocodiloides Adans. = Berkheya Ehrh. (Compos.). 



Crocopsis Pax. Amaryllidaceae (i). 2 S. Am. 



Crocosmia Planch. (Tritonia p.p. EP.}. Iridaceae (ill), i, C. aurea 

 Planch., trop. and S. Afr. Cult. orn. fl. 



Crocus (Tourn.) L. Iridaceae (i). 60 Medit., Eur., 2 nat. in Brit. 

 Below ground is a corm (cf. Colchicum), covered with a few scaly L, 

 in whose axils may arise one or more buds, giving rise to new corms 

 on the top of the old. The 1. are dorsiv., and curiously grooved on 

 the back. The fl. is often single and term.; in some sp. there is 

 a small cyme. The fl. closes at night and in dull weather. The 

 tube of the P is so long that the ovary remains below the soil and is 

 protected from the weather (cf. Colchicum). The fl. is protandr. and 

 visited by bees and Lepidoptera. Honey is secreted by the ovary, 

 and the anthers face outwards so as to touch any insect alighting on 

 the petals and seeking honey. The stigmas are branched. Birds 

 often bite off the fls. in gardens (? for honey) ; they seem to prefer the 

 yellow fls., leaving the blue and white alone. 



The dried stigmas of C. sativits L. form saffron, once largely used 

 as an orange yellow dye, but now chiefly employed in flavouring and 



