ESMERALDA 253 



largely planted as shade for coffee, &c. , and as support for pepper. 



E. caffra Thumb. (Kaffir-boom) very light timber. 

 Erythro- (Gr. pref.), red. 



Erytnrocephaluin Benth. Compositae (12). 10 trop. Afr. 

 Erythrochiton Nees et Mart. Rutaceae (i). 5 trop. Am. The infl. 



springs from the surface of a 1., owing to adnation. 

 Erythrochlamys Guerke Labiatae (vn). i trop. Afr. 

 Erythrococca Benth. Euphorbiaceae (A. n. 2). 5 trop. W. Afr. 

 Erythrocoma Greene. Rosaceae (in. 2). 5 W. N. Am 

 Erythrodes (Physurus Rich.). Orchid, (n. 2). 10 Polynes., Malaya. 

 Erythronium L. Liliaceae (v). 7 N. temp. 

 Erythropalum Blume. Olacaceae. 3 Himalaya to Malaya. 

 Erythrophleum Afzel. ex R. Br. Leguminosae (n. i). 5 Afr., China, 



N. Austr. E.gitineense G. Don is the red-water tree of Sierra Leone. 



The bark is poisonous and is used by the native tribes as an ordeal. 

 Erythrophysa E. Mey. Sapindaceae (n). 2 S. Afr., Madagascar. 

 Erythropyxis Pierre. Scytopetalaceae. i Gaboon. 

 Erythroselinum Chiov. Umbelliferae (in. 6). i Ethiopia. 

 Erythrospermum Lam. Flacourtiaceae (i). 5 Madagascar to Samoa. 

 Erythroxylaceae (EP. , Linaceae p.p. BH.). Dicots. (Archichl. Gera- 



niales). 2 gen., 195 sp. trop. Shrubs or trees with alt., entire, 



slip. 1. Fl. reg., usu. heterostyled ; K 5, C 5, A 5 + 5 united at 



base, G (3 or 4), usu. i-loc.; ov. i or 2, pencl. Drupe. Endosp. 



Chief genus: Erythroxylum. 

 Erythroxylum P. Br. Erythroxylaceae. 190 trop. and subtrop., chiefly 



Am., incl. E. Coca Lam. (Peru; coca). Coca 1., infused like tea or 



chewed with lime, enable the user to undergo great fatigue. Cocaine, 



a local anaesthetic, is prepared from them. Many have heterostyled fls. 

 Escallonia Mutis ex L. f. Saxifragaceae (v). 55 S. Am., chiefly 



Andine. Shrubs with alt., leathery, gland-dotted 1. Ov. inf., 



2 3 loc., with twice as many placentae and oo ovules. 

 Escalloniaceae (Warming). Saxifragaceae, v. 

 Escape, a plant escaped from cult., and maintaining itself, 

 -escens (Lat. suffix), -ish, becoming. 



Eschatogramme Trevisano. Polypodiaceae. i trop. Am. 

 Eschscholzia Cham. Papaveraceae (n). 120 western U.S., often cult. 



orn. fl. Recept. concave, fl. perig. In dull weather each petal rolls 



up on itself, enclosing some of the sta. The ripe fr. explodes and 



scatters the seeds ; each valve as it dries has a tendency to roll up 



spirally and thus tension is set up. 



Eschweilera Mart. (Lecythis p.p. BH.}. Lecythidaceae. 80 trop. Am. 

 Eschweileria Zipp. (Schefflera, Boerlagiodendron, EP.). Araliaceae (i). 



10 Malay Archipelago. 



Escobedia Ruiz et Pav. Scrophulariaceae (ill. 2). 2 trop. Am. 

 Escontria Rose (Cereus p.p.). Cactaceae (in. i). t Mexico. 

 Esculentus (Lat), edible. 

 Esenbeckia H. B. et K. Rutaceae (i). 15 trop. Am., W.I. The 



bark of some Braz. spp. (angostura brasiliensis, quina) is like ango- 



stura bark. 

 Esmeralda Reichb. f. (Arachnanthe BH.). Orchidaceae (n. 20). 



i Sikkim. 



