FALSE ACACIA 263 



Some of the F. show signs of peculiar development of the embryo- 

 sac, and other interesting features (see Chalazogamae). 



The order includes several important economic plants, chiefly 

 valuable for their timber, e.g. oak (Quercus), beech (Fagus), chestnut 

 (Castanea), &c. 

 Classification and genera (after Prantl) : 



1. Fageae (fls. in dich., rarely sol. in axils of foliage-1. ; lat. and 



single fr. 3-angled) : Fagus (^ fl. sol. or in dich. of 3 ; ? in 3 

 or sol.) : Nothofagus ( $ in dich. of many ; ? in 2s). 



2. Castaneae ( ? fls. in dich. or single in the axils of catkin-1. ; 



fr. rounded at sides) : 

 Style cylindrical, with pointed stigma, <? catkins erect. 



Cupule with spines or hard papillae. Castanea. 



Cupule with scales. Pasania. 



Style various, crowned by stigma, $ catkins pend. Quercus. 



Fagales (EP.), the i ith order of Dicots. Archichlamydeae. 



Fagara L. (Zanthoxylum Bff.). Rutaceae (i). 140 trop. 



Fagelia Neck. Leguminosae (in. 10). i S. Afr. 



Fagelia Schwencke = Calceolaria L. (Scroph.). 



Fagonia Tourn. ex L. Zygophyllaceae. 20 Medit., S. Afr., Calif., 

 Chili. 



Fagopyrum Tourn. ex Hall. Polygonaceae (n. 2). 4 As. Fls. like 

 Polygonum, but heterosyled, with long and short-styled forms. F. escu- 

 lentum Moench. (buck-wheat) largely cult., esp. in N. Am., for its fr. 

 (seed), in which there is a floury endosp. Also used as green fodder, 

 and a good honey-plant. 



Fagraea Thunb. Loganiaceae. 20 E. Ind. to Austr., often epiphytic. 

 Some sp. have nectaries at the outside of the base of the fl. 



Faguetia L. Marchand. Anacardiaceae (3). i Madag. 



Fagus (Tourn.) L. (BH. incl. Nothofagus Blume). Fagaceae (i). 

 4 N. temp. F. sylvatica L. (beech, Brit, and large parts of Eur.) often 

 forms homogeneous forests, and is accompanied by a peculiar under- 

 growth, e.g. Asperula odorata, Lalkrea squamaria, &c. $ fls. in 

 pendulous cymose heads, ? in pairs; each cupule encloses two nuts. 

 The wood is hard, and much used in the arts ; an oil is expressed 

 from the nuts. Beech hedges in many districts ; when growing low it 

 does not drop its 1., as it does when it takes the tree form, and thus 



. affords good shelter in winter. A variety with red sap in the cells of 

 the epidermis (copper-beech) is often cult. The beech only flowers 

 every few years, and saves up material in the interval (cf. Agave). 



Falcaria Riv. ex Rupp. Umbelliferae (in. 5). 4 Medit., W. As. 



Falcate, sickle-shaped. 



Falconer-la Hook. f. Scrophulariaceae (in. i). i W. Himalaya. 



Falkia L. f. Convolvulaceae (i). 6 Afr. 



Fallugia Endl. Rosaceae (in. 2). i N. Am. 



False acacia, Robinia; -asphodel (Am.), Tofieldia; -bromegrass, Bra- 

 chypodium; -fruit, the product of ovary with any other organ that 

 developes, e.g. axis; -hellebore (Am.), Veratruin; -hemp, Dalisca', 

 -indigo (Am.), Amorpha, Baptisia; -jalap, Mirabilis; -lettuce 

 (Am.), Mulgediuni; -mallow (Am.), Mafoastriutr, -nettle (Am.), 

 Boehrneria', -oat-grass, Arrkenatherum ; -septa, partitions chamber- 



