FIBRES 265 



Ferdinanda Lag. (Zaluzania Pers. p.p.)- Compositae (5). i C. Am. 



Ferdinandusa Pohl. Ruhiaceae (r. 5). 10 W.I., trop. S. Am. 



Feretia Delile. Rubiaceae (i. 8). 2 Upper Nile, trop. Afr. 



Fergusonia Hook. f. Rubiaceae (n. 5). i Ceylon, S. India. 



Ferment, cf. Carica, Droseraccae. 



Fern, Filicineae; beech-, Drvopteris; bird's nest-, Aspleniitm\ bladder-, 

 Cystopteris\ bristle-, THchomanes: elkhorn-, Platycerium; filmy, 

 Hyinenophyllum (and fam.) ; hard-, Lomaria, Blechnum; hart's 

 tongue, Pkyllitis; holly-, Polystichum ; lady-, Athyrium', maiden- 

 hair-, Adiantiim ; northern-, Blechnum ; oak-, Dryopteris; parsley-, 

 Cryptogramma; prickly shield-, Poly stic hum; royal-, Osmunda; 

 shield-. Dryopteris; staghorn-, Platycerium; tree-, Cyathea, &c. ; 

 walking-, Asplenium. 



Fernandezia Lindl. =Lockhartia Hook. (Orchid.). 



Fernandia Biill. Bignoniaceae (2). i Angola. 



Fernelia Comm. ex Lam. Rubiaceae (i. 8). 4 Mascarenes. 



Fernseea Baker. Bromeliaceae (4). t Itatiaia Mt (near Rio). 



Feronia Correa. Rutaceae (v). i India to Java, F. elephantum 

 Correa (elephant-apple or wood-apple ; wood useful, and yields a 

 gum ; fr. ed.). 



Feroniella Swingle. Rutaceae (v). i Indo-China. 



Ferraria L. Iridaceae (n). 10 Afr. Cult. orn. fl. 



Ferreirea Allem. Leguminosae (in. i). i Rio de Janeiro. 



Ferrugineus (Lat.), rust-coloured. 



Fertile, capable of giving fruit. 



Fertilisation, ihe union of $ and ? elements; cross-, between two fls. 

 on different pi. ; self-, within the same fl. 



Ferula Tourn. ex L. Umbelliferae (in. 6). 60 Medit., Cent. As. 

 F. communis L. cult, (giant-fennel). It only flowers after storing up 

 materials for some years (cf. Fagus, Agave). F. Narthex Boiss. and 

 F. Aisa-foetida L. are the sources of the drug asafoetida, obtained by 

 notching the roots; used as a condiment in Pen-ia, &c. under the 

 name 'food of the gods,' and as a stimulant in meHicine. F. galba- 

 niflua Boiss. et Buhse and F. rubricaulis Boiss. are the sources of the 

 medic, gum galbanum. 



Ferulago Koch. Umbelliferae (ill. 6). 40 Medit., S. Eur. 



Fescue-grass, Fcstuca. 



Festuca (Tourn. ). Gramineae (to). 100 cosmop. ; 5 in Brit, (fescue- 

 grass). The 1. roll inwards in dry air (cf. Stipa). Many good pasture- 

 grasses. When growing on mountains often viviparous (see fam.). 



Fever-bush (Am.), Lindera ; -few, Chrysanthemum, Matricaria ; -wort 

 (Am.), Trios ten ni . 



Feuillea Gled. =Fevillea L. 



Fevillea L. Cucurbitaceae (i). 6 trop. Am. 5 sta. all alike. 



Fibigia Medic (Farsetia p.p. BH.}. Cruciferae (4). 12 E. Medit. 



Fibraurea Lour. Menispermaceae. 4 trop. and subtrop. As. 



Fibres, the strengthening tissues of plants, largely used in the arts for 

 spinning, brush-making, plaiting, paper, rough weaving, tying, &c. ; 

 those of the bast are most generally useful. The chief stem or leaf 

 fibres are perhaps Abroma, Abutilon, Agave (sisal, &c.). Ampelo- 

 desma, Arenga, Attalea (piassaba), Boehmeria (rhea, ramie), Borassus 



