PAPILIONATAE 



487 



Aconitum). P. somniferum L. is the opium poppy; the drug is ob- 

 tained by cutting notches in the half ripened capsules, from which the 

 latex exudes and hardens. The seeds of this and other sp. yield an 

 oil on pressure. 



Papaveraceae (EP., BH.}. Dicots. (Archichl. Rhoeadales; Parietales 



BH.}. 28 gen., 600 sp., chiefly N. 



temp. Most are herbs with alt. 1., and 



I. and II. contain latex. Corydalis 



and Fumaria are climbers, Bocconia a 



shrub. Fls. sol. or in racemes, or in 



dichasia with cincinnal tendency, reg. 



or irreg., $ , hypog. (exc. Eschscholtzia). 



K 2 (united in Eschscholtzia), caducous ; 



C 2 + 2, rolled or crumpled in bud 



(see Hypecoum) ; A 4 or co or 2 (see 



sub-fams.) ; in the last case each sta. 



branches into 3 parts (see fig.), the 



centre one bearing an entire anther, the 



lat. ones each half an anther ; G (2 oo ), 



i-loc. with parietal plac. , which in 



Papaver, &c. project into the loc. 



Floral diagram of Corydalis cava 

 (after Eichler). 



Ovules generally oo , anatr. or slightly campylotr. Fr. a septic, caps., 

 or one opening by pores, or a nut; seeds with oily endosp., and small 

 embryo. The fls. are mostly large and conspicuous, but many contain 

 no honey and are visited by pollen-seeking insects; they are often pro- 

 tandr. Those of sub-fam. III. are irreg., and adapted to bees in a way 

 somewhat like that found in Leguminosae. The order is of little economic 

 value; see Papaver. 



Classification and chief genera: 



I. HYPECOIDEAE (petals without spur; sta. 4; cpls. 2): 



Hypecoum. 

 II. PAPAVEROIDEAE (as I., but sta. oo ; cpls. 2 00): 



Eschscholtzia, Chelidonium, Glaucium, Papaver. 

 III. FUMAR1OIDEAE (petals with spur ; sta. 2, each branched 



into 3) : Dicentra, Corydalis, Fumaria. 

 Many authors split oft" III. as a separate fam., Fumariaceae. 

 Papaya Tourn. ex L. = Carica L. (Caric.). 

 Papayaceae = Caricaceae. 



Paper is made from fine fibre that is entirely (or almost) composed of 



cellulose. The best is made of cotton and linen rags ; and cf. Bamboo, 



Borassus, Broiissonetia, Fatsia, Hedychium, Lepidosperma, Stipa, 



Streblus, Zea, &c. Adansonia, Coniferae (the wood, pulped), Cor- 



chorus, Crolalaria, Musa (textilis), straw, &c. are also used. 



Paphia Seem. (Agape ies BH.}. Ericaceae (in. 2). i Fiji. Cult. orn. 



Paphinia Lindl. (Lycaste p.p. BH.}. Orchidaceae (n. 12). 2 



Guiana. 

 Paphiopedilum Pfitz. (Cypripedium^.ft.). Orchidaceae (1.2). 50 trop. 



As., Am. 

 Papilionanthe Schlechter (FaWap.p.). Orchidaceae (n. 20). i In- 



domal. 

 Papilionatae, a subfamily of Leguminosae. 



