59 SAXIFRAGA 



Andes, chiefly alpine. 13 in Brit, (saxifrage). Most show xero. 

 char., such as tufted growth, close packing of 1. (esp. well shown in 

 S. oppositifolia L.), succulence, hairiness, &c. Many are veg. repr. 

 by offsets, or (e.g. S. granulata L.) by bulbils in the lower leaf-axils. 

 Many exhibit chalk-glands at the tips or edges of the 1. (e.g. S. oppositi- 

 folia at the tip) ; these are water-pores with nectary-like tissue beneath, 

 secreting water containing chalk in solution. As the water evaporates, 

 the chalk forms an incrustation. Fls. usu. in clich. cymes with 

 cincinnus tendency. Every stage occurs from hypogyny to epigyny. 

 Honey only partially concealed ; fls. visited by miscellaneous insects. 

 Most are protandrous. A few, e.g. S. sarmentosa Linn, f., have -j- fls. 



Saxifragaceae (EP. ; BH. incl. Cephalotaceae, Ctmoniaceae). Dicots. 

 (Archichl. Resales). 70 gen., 650 sp. cosmop., chiefly temp. Most 

 are perenn. herbs, a few shrubs or trees, with usu. alt., rarely stip. 1. 

 Many alpine and arctic forms of xero. habit. Infl. of various kinds, 

 both racemose and cymose. 



FI. usu. g, reg., cyclic, 5-merous (exc. cpls.). Recept. flat or 

 hollowed to various depths, so that sta. and P may be peri- or epi- 

 gynous. K usu. 5; C 5, imbr. or valvate, sometimes (5) or o; A 

 usu - 5 + 5. obdiplost.; cpls. rarely free and as many as petals, usually 

 fewer and joined below, often 2 ; plac. parietal or axile, with several 

 rows of anatr. ov.; styles as many as cpls. Fls. mostly protandrous. 

 Capsule or berry. Seed with rich endosp. round a small embryo. 



Of little economic importance; Ribes yields valuable fr. Many 

 favourites in horticulture, e.g. Saxifraga, Francoa, Philadelphia, 

 Deutzia, Hydrangea, Escallonia. 



Classification and chief genera : 



I. SAXIFRAGOIDEAE (herbs of various habit ; 1. alt. ; P 5- or 

 rarely 4-merous; G usu. (2), hypo- or epi-gynous, i- or 2-loc.) : 

 Saxifraga, Tellima, Chrysosplenium, Parnassia. 



II. FRANCOIDEAE (perenn. herbs with rad. 1. and spikes or 

 racemes on naked scapes; fl. 4-merous; G4-loc.): Francoa. 



III. HYDKANGEOIDEAE (shrubs or trees ; 1. usu. opp., simple ; 

 Pusu. s-merous; sta. epig. ; 63 5-loc.): Philadelphus, Deutzia, 

 Hydrangea. 



IV. PTEROSTEMONOIDEAE (shrubs with alt. stip. simple 1. ; 

 sta. 10 ; G 5-loc.; ov. 4 6, on axile plac.): Pterostemon. 



V. ESCALLONIOIDEAE (shrubs or trees, rarely herbs; with 

 simple alt. exstip. often leathery and gland-dotted 1. ; sta. = pets. ; 

 G superior to inferior; ov. oo ): Brexia. Escallonia. 



VI. RIBESIOfDEAE (shrubs with alt. simple exstip. 1. and 

 racemes of fls. ; G i-loc. with 2 parietal plac.; berry): Ribes. 



VII. BAUEROIDEAE (shrubs with opp. 3-foliate exstip. 1. and 

 simple axillary fls.; ovary semi-inf. with 2 parietal plac.; loculic. 

 caps.): Bauera. 



Saxifrage, Saxifmga; burnet -, Pnnpinella ; golden-, Chrysosplenium. 

 Saxifrageae (BH.} - Saxifragaceae. 



Saxifragella Engl. Saxifragaceae (i). i Antarctic S. Am. 

 Saxifraginae (Warming). The i8th order of Choripetalae. 

 Saxifragopsis Small (Saxifraga p.p.). Saxifr. (i). i Calif. 

 Saxofridericia R. Schomb. Rapateaceae. 5 Guiana, N. Brazil. 



