404 A. HESSELliO 



Laugardal Grl.;!): Reykjanes near hot springs (Ostf.)!; common every- 

 where on faces of tuff rocks in Fljotshlid and below Eyjafjallajokull!. 



Preissia commntata occurs both on more or less damp ground and 

 on damp rocks, and also on warm clayey flats near hot springs. In 

 the last situation, as in Rcykholtdalur , it covers large areas on slopes 

 stretching down towards the boiling hot water. In E. Iceland it has 

 not yet been found: in X. and N\V. Iceland it is rather rare and grows 

 there on damp rocks, along river-banks or in rock-clefts. In S. and 

 S\V. Iceland it is frequent in lava-clefts near Thingvellir and Hafnarfjordur, 

 and in S. Iceland proper it is very common. There it grows at the 

 base of, or some wa\ r up the rock faces, especially upon those with a 

 southern exposure, or in sheltered clelts, and often occurs in great 

 abundance, and fruiting richly. The fruit was not quite ripe even at 

 the end of July. 



9. Marchantia polymorpha L. 



Common all over Iceland on damp soil, on rocks, by rivers, in 

 marshes and in moss bogs, and very often found with fruit or anthe- 

 ridiophores. It is extremely common especially in X\V. Iceland, and 

 covers banks of streams often in great abundance, to a height of about 

 300 metres. In S. Iceland it is also very common on damp tuff rocks. 



This species is most widely distributed in the birch zone to a 

 height of about 300400 metres above sea-level where it usually grows 

 on marshy or gravelly ground along small streams, or occurs in abun- 

 dance in moss bogs or in marshes among mosses. But it is also met 

 with upon mountain heights, as for instance near Berufjordur, Seydis- 

 fjordur and Isafjordur, where it has been collected abundantly up to a 

 height of 600700 metres. 



FAM. ANEUREJE. 



10. Aneura pinguis (L.) Dum. 



Riccardia pinguis (L.) Gr. 



Very common on damp ground both in marshes and on gravelly 

 soil by rivers and also on damp rocks. It usually grows intermixed 

 in the tufts of other Bryophyta, rarely forming tufts by itself; it has 

 been collected in fruit in a few localities only ^near Eyjafjordur, and 

 near Seljaland at an altitude of about 500 metres . It is most widely distri- 

 buted in the lowlands up to about 300 metres, but it is also frequently 

 met with upon mountain heights. 



11. Aneura multifida (Lindb.) Dum. 



Ricc(ti-(lid miilli/idti (Lindb.) Lindb. 



Iceland: Lon!, on swampy ground among Sphuynum ruhellunr, 

 W. Iceland: Reykholtdal ! , frequent near hot springs intermixed in the 



