THE BRYOPHYTA OF ICELAND 415 



It is hardly possible to draw any distinct boundary line between 

 this form and the type, the thickenings of the leaf-cells showing all 

 transitional stages from quite thin-walled to decidedly collenchymatous 

 cells, and the colour also varying according to the habitat. Fruit is 

 rare; gemmae are as a rule present. 



Var. confertifolia (Schiffn.) syn. Lophozia confertifolia Schiffner. Plants 

 agreeing exactly with the description of this form and with the figure 

 in Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflora, fig. 314, occur rather commonly 

 on damp gravelly soil in N\V. Iceland associated with all the transitional 

 forms of L. uentricosa; I think they can only be regarded as Alpine 

 forms of the present species. 



44. Lophozia Wenzelii (Nees) Steph. 



E. Iceland: Seydisfjordur !; Vallanes!. N. Iceland: Tvera in Oxnadalur!. 

 NW. Iceland: Isafjordur, (at about 200 metres alt.)!. SW. Iceland: Svi- 

 naskard (at about 400 metres alt.). 



It grows on wet gravelly soil or peat, especially along streams 

 where it forms low, dense carpets or grows mixed with Aliciilarict sca- 

 laris, Dicranella crispa, Distichium inclinatnm and other Bryophyta. Near 

 Isafjordur it was growing by a small stream together with Sphagnum 

 squarrosum. 



45. Lophozia alpestris (Schleich.) Evans. 



Very common all over Iceland. 



It generally grows woven into tufts of other Bryophyta, but now 

 and then forms tufts by itself. It is found on almost every kind of 

 substratum, from the sea-level to mountain heights. It occurs most fre- 

 quently on rocks, especially those which are somewhat damp, but is 

 also met with on damp ground along the bank of streams, on the gra- 

 velly flats of mountain heights, in lava-clefts and woven into the moss- 

 carpets of Grzmmza-heaths. 



Fruit and calyces occur rarelv and have been found onlv in X\V. 



\j */ *f 



Iceland: Gnupsdal! and in S. Iceland: Seljaland (at about 350 metres !; 

 Svinahraun!. Male plants are rather common, and gemmae are very 

 often present. 



46. Lophozia excisa (Dicks.) Dum. 



S. Iceland: Reykir!; fr. 



It grows there on damp gravelly soil by a small stream associated 

 with Eucalyx sub elliptic as, Scapania cnrta and Dicranella crispa. 



This species is recorded from Iceland by Morch, but of the two 

 specimens found in the collection in the Botanical Museum in Copen- 

 hagen under this name, one is Lophozia ventricosa var. porphgroleuca and 

 the other L. heterocolpos. 



Note. Lophozia bicrenata (Schmid.) Dum. is recorded to have been 

 found near Krisuvik by Steenstrup, but the packet contained only a 

 mixture of several other species of Lophozia. 



