280 



FOODS AND DIETARIES 



U S- Oepanmtnt ot Agriculture reoared b> 



Office o' FjKr.ment Stations C. f UKGWOBTHY 



AC True Director Expert m Charge 01 Nutrition Investigations 



COMPOSITION OF FOOD MATERIALS. 



Fuel Valut 

 | 5 rjOO CaioneV 



EH F^. 



fat Carbohydrate *h 



WHOLE MILK 



SKIM MILK 



Faf4.0- 

 Ash-0.7- 



- Water: 870 



Protein:3.3 Fat:0.3 

 Ash: 07 



CarboKydrates:5 



'MIL VAAUt- 315 CAMUS PCI MUM 



BUTTERMILK 



FUEL VALUE 1 65 CALORIES PE P POUND 



CREAM 



Carbohydrates:* 8 



C 



FUEL VALUE: 1 60 COMICS * mm 



Water 91.0 



Protein:3.0 Fat: 185- 

 Ash:0-5- 



-Water: 74.0 

 lem:25 



Carbohydrates: 4 5 



The Relation of Environment to Diet. - We are all aware of the 

 fact that the body seems to crave more food in winter than in 



summer. The temperature of 

 the body is maintained at 98.6 

 in winter as in summer, but 

 much more heat is lost from the 

 body in cold weather. Hence 

 feeding in winter should be for 

 the purpose of maintaining our 

 fuel supply. We need heat- 

 producing food, and we need 

 more food in winter than in 

 summer. We may use carbo- 

 hydrates for this purpose, as 

 they are economical and diges- 

 tible. The inhabitants of cold 

 countries get their heat-releasing 

 foods largely from fats. In 

 tropical countries and in hot 

 weather little protein should 

 be eaten and a considerable 

 amount of fresh fruit used. 



The Relation of Age to Diet. - - As we will see a little later, age 

 is a factor not only in determining the kind but the amount of 

 food to be used. Young children require far less food than do 

 those of older growth or adults. The body constantly increases 

 in weight until young manhood or womanhood, then its weight 

 remains nearly stationary, varying with health or illness. It is 

 evident that food in adults simply repairs the waste of cells and 

 is used to supply energy. Elderly people need much less protein 

 than do younger persons. But inasmuch as the amount of food 

 to be taken into the body should be in proportion to the body 

 weight, it is also evident that growing children do not, as is popu- 

 larly supposed, need as much food as grown-ups. 



The Relation of Sex to Diet. - As a rule boys need more food 

 than girls, and men than women. This seems to be due to, first, 

 the more active muscular life of the man and, secondly, to the 



FuFL VALUE 880 0LOfilFS 



The composition of milk. 



