INDEX. 



455 



BOTANICAL 



Botanical garden of Gesner, 69 



Botanist, Theophrastus the first, 17 



Botany, different kinds of, 2 ; writers on, 

 *7, 70, 71, 142, 206, 381, 385, 389 



Boucher de Perthes finds ancient flint im- 

 plements, 415 



Bougier measures the density of the earth, 

 278 



Boulton, partner of Watt, 251 



Boyle one of the founders of Royal Society, 

 125 ; his air-pump, 124 ; his law of com- 

 pressibility of gases, 128 ; his experi- 

 ments on air, 130 



Bradley on aberration and nutation, 265 



Brain described by Erasistratus, 26 



Breathing, Mayow on, 132 



Brewster, Sir D., on polarisation, 314 ; on 

 spectrum analysis, 321-23 



British Museum, meteoric stones in the, 

 297 



Bronze tools of lake-dwellings, 417 



Brougham, Lord, his article against Young, 



3" 



Bruno burnt at the stake, 83 



Buckland, his Cambridge lectures, 405 ; on 

 glaciation of Wales, 414 



Buffon, history of, 204 ; his work on na- 

 tural history, 20? ; and Linnaeus com- 

 pared, 207 ; patronises Lamarck, 389 



Bunsen on dark lines in solar spectrum, 

 323 



f^ESALPINUS on plants, 71 ; on cir- 



V-/ culation of the blood, in 



Caesium discovered, 323 



Cairo, medical school of, 40 



Caloric, old term for heat, 330 



Camera obscura, invention of the, 75 



Camper cited, 380 



Candolle, Auguste de, on metamorphosis 

 of plants, 384 



Capillaries discovered by Malpighi, 138 



Carbonic acid obtained by Black, 226 ; 

 tested by Bergmann, 230 ; its nature 

 discovered by Lavoisier, 238 



Carlis'e on decomposition of water by 

 electricity, 364 



Carnot on heat converted into motion, 338 



Carrington, Mr., on outbreak of a sun- 

 spot, 355 



Cassini on velocity of light, 173 



Catastrophists in geology, 405 



Cats, their indirect influence on growth of 

 clover, 429 



Caus' engine, 346 



COLUMBUS 



Cavendish discovers hydrogen, 230 ; on 

 composition of water, 231 ; his experi- 

 ment on weight of the earth, 279 



Caxton the printer, 55 



Cellular tissue, section of, 140 



Celsius invents centigrade scale, i2c 



Centigrade scale, 120 



Ceres discovered by Piazzi, 289 



Charles I., riots in reign of, 124 ; II. 

 grants Royal Society charter, 125 ; V. 

 of Spain protects Vesalius, 68 



Chemical, rays discovered, 315 ; rays of 

 action in photography, 317 : nomencla- 

 ture of Lavoisier, 239 ; elements, weight 

 373 ' symbols, 376 ; or Voltaic elec- 

 tricity, 261 ; theory of electricity, 367. 



Chemical affinity, Bergmann on, 228 : 

 Newton on, 229 ; power of electric cur- 

 rent to overcome, 367 



Chemistry, definition of, 2 ; of the Araos, 

 41 ; of Geber, 43 ; of Paracelsus and 

 Van Helmont, 72 ; of Boyle and Hooke, 

 130 ; of Mayow, 131 ; Boerhaave on 01- 

 ganic, 194 ; of Black, 226 ; of Bergmann, 

 228; of Cavendish, 230; of Priestley, 

 231 ; birth of modern, 235 ; Newton's. 

 work on, destroyed, 170 ; methods of 

 studying, 369 



Chick, Harvey on development of, 114 



Chinese, early science of, 4 ; mariner's 

 compass known to the, 54 



Chlorale, discovery of, 378 



Chloroform, discovery of, 378 



Cinnamon tree, essences obtained from, 193 



Cipher, word derived from Arabic, 46 



Circulation of the blood, diagram of, 113 



Circular polarisation in quartz crystals, 314 



Circumference of earth measured by Era- 

 tosthenes, 28 



Classifications of plants, 70-71, 142, 209, 

 382 ; of animals, 69, 143, 210, 396 



Clausen calculates the period of Biela's 

 comet, 291 



Clifford, Mr., befriends Linnaeus, 207 



Climate, Humboldt on causes of, 385 ; 

 Lamarck on effects of, 393 



Cod-fish, animalcules in roe of, 140 



College of Surgeons, Hunter's collection 

 in, 200 



Colours, prismatic, 167 ; cause of in tele- 

 scopes, 169 ; caused by interference of 

 light, 307 ; on the soap bubble. 307 ; 

 depend on light-vibrations. 177 



Columbus, Christopher, his voyages, 56 ; 

 discovers variation of magnetic needle. 

 57 



