INDEX. 



461 



LIPPERSHEY 



145 ; on metamorphosis of plants, 383 ; 

 death and character of, 212 

 Lippershey makes a telescope, 87 

 Lithuanian legend about falling stars, 297 

 Loadstone known to the Greeks, 53 

 Locke on heat, 330 



Lockyer on spectrum analysis of stars, 326 

 Locomotive-engine, date of first, 245 

 Looking-glass, cause of reflection of, 177 

 Lungs, circulation of blood through the, 



112 ; studied by Malpighi, 138 

 Luxembourg Palace, polarized light re- 

 flected from windows of, 310 

 Lyell, Sir C., his history, 405 ; on present 

 causes of geological change, 406-410 ; his 

 influence on geology, 409 ; en Darwin's 

 work, 426 

 Lymphatics discovered by Riidbeck, 115 



MAC ENERY on flint implements of 

 Kent's Hole, 416 



Magdeburg hemispheres, 122 



Magellan's ship sails round the world, 57 



Magellanic clouds, 295 



' Magia Naturalis ' published, 74 



Magic lantern invented, 76 



Magnet, origin of name, 53 ; producing 

 electric current, 350 ; and electric wires, 

 mutual rotation of, 349 ; diagram of, 



350 



Magnetic currents caused by electric cur- 

 rents, 346 ; direction of, 345 ; affected by 

 sun-spots, 355 ; needle, variations of the, 

 57 ; affected by electric current, 343, 

 345 ; Ampere on direction of, 345 ; sudden 

 movement of at Kew, 355 ; periodical 

 shifting of the, 355 ; of electric telegraph, 



359 

 Magnetism, Gilbert on, 77 ; electro-, 341- 



352 ; terrestrial affected by sun-spots, 



353 _ 

 Magnifying glasses explained, 49 



Malpighi applies ihe microscope to living 

 structures, 137 ; history of, 138 ; on air- 

 cells, 138 ; discovers Malpighian layer, 

 139 ; on silkworm, 139 ; on structure of 

 plants, 140 ; on growth of germs and 

 seeds, 141 



Malus on polarization of light, 309 



Man, antiquity of, 415 ; selection of animals 

 by, 428 



Map made by Anaximander, 10 ; geologi- 

 cal, made by W. Smith, 224 



Marcus Graccus, gunpowder made by. 43 



Mariner's compass, 53 



MOON 



Marquis of Worcester's engine, 246 



Marriotte's law, 130 



Mars, atmosphere of, 327 ; movements of 



explained by Kepler, 97 ; occultation of 



observed by Aristotle, 16 

 Maskelyne measures the density of the 



earth, 277 



Maury on division of Bie!a's comet, 292 

 Mayer, Dr., on mechanical equivalent of 



heat, 335 

 Mayow a conscientious observer, 131 ; he 



discovers 'fire-air,' 132 ; his expeiiments 



on combustion and respiration, 132 ; his 



early death prevented his theory being 



known, 135 



' Mecanique Celeste ' of Laplace, 271 

 Mechanical equivalent of heat, 336 

 Mechanics, definition of, 2 

 Medical school of Leyden, 190 

 Medicine, Hippocrates the father of, 14 ; 



Galen on, 34 



Melloni on passage of heat rays, 340 

 Men of science, lists of, 6, 38, 62, 86 



188 



Mercurial thermometer, how made, 120 

 Mercuric oxide, Priestley obtains oxygen 



from, 233 

 Mercury obtained from cinnabar by Geber, 



44 ; sustained in a tube by weight of air, 



118 ; combining with oxygen, 373 

 Mercury, transits of observed, 157-158 

 Metals, Geber notices increased weight of 



heated, 44 ; electric discharge from two, 



261 ; discovered by spectrum analysis, 



322 



Metamorphosis of plants, 381 

 Meteors and their paths, 297-300 ; their 



competition, 297 ; spectrum analysis of, 



3=8 

 Microscope applied to living structures, 



137 ; definition of, 137 

 Middle ages, science of the, 39-59 

 Milky Way studied by Democritus, 15 ; 



by Galileo, 90 

 Miller, Dr., on spectrum analysis of the 



stars, 326 

 Mineral waters analysed by Bergmann, 



229 

 Mineralogy, Gesner on, 70 ; Werner's 



lectures on, 217 



Mollusca, term explained, 396 * 



Monocotyledons, term explained, 145 

 Monro cited, 380 

 Mont Blanc, erratic blocks carried from, 



413 



Moon, Anaxagoras on the, 13 ; phases of 



