4 6 4 



INDEX. 



REFLECTION 



Reflection of light, 177 ; polarization of 

 light by, 309 



Refraction explained by Alhazen, 47 ; ex- 

 plained by Huygbens, 178 ; figures illus- 

 trating, 179; double, 179, 180; Snellius 

 discovers law of, 106 ; method of mea- 

 suring, 108 ; of coloured rays, 166 ; 



' Regne Animal,' Cuvier's, 397 



Reptiles, gigantic fossil, 423 



Repulsion by electricity, 124 



Respiration, Boyle on air used hi, 133 ; 

 Mayow on effects of fire-air in, 134 



Richter on chemical law of proportions, 

 373 ; and Reich discover indium, 323 



Rieban, Mr. Faraday's master, 348 



Ritter discovers chemical rays, 315 



Rivinus on plants, 209 



Robison on Watts, 245 



Rocks, diagrams of, bent and broken, 218 ; 

 new ones formed out of old, 220 



Roe of codfish, animalcules in, 140 



Roemer measures velocity of light, 172 



Roger Bacon makes gunpowder, 52 ; his 

 experiments on air, 52 



Ronald's, Mr., attempt at electric tele- 

 graph, 356 



Rose, modification of parts in the, 382 ; 

 number of species of, 420 



Rothmann, Dr., befriends Linnaeus, 205, 

 207 



Royal Institution, Young professorat, 303 ; 

 Davy at, 363 ; Faraday at, 348 



Royal Society founded, 125 ; early mem- 

 bers of, 127 ; Newton learns the real 

 size of the earth at the, 150 ; Halley's 

 method proposed to the, 158 



Rubidium discovered, 323 



Riidbeck discovers lymphatics. 715 



Rudimentary organs, 421 



Rudolph II. protects Tycho and Kepler, 



79. 95 _ 



Rudolphine tables, 79, 101 ; used to pre- 

 dict transits, 157 



Rumford, Count, his history, 330 ; pro- 

 duces heat by friction, 331 ; appoints 

 Davy to Royal Institution, 363 



Rutherford, Dr., on nitrogen, 235 



SABINE, Sir E., on connection between 

 sun-spots and magnetic currents, 355 ; 

 on weight of our earth, 280 

 St.-Hilaire, G., history of, 390 ; on Egyp- 

 tian animals, 391 ; on homologous parts 

 of animals, 393 ; his discussion with 

 Cuvier, 395 



SLOUGH 



Salamanders, regrowth of limbs of, 201 



Sal-ammoniac known to the Arabs, 45 



Salerno, medical school of, 40 



Salt, colour of burning, 322 



Salts of plants extracted, 193 



Sap, Ray and Willughby on, 143 



Satellites of Jupiter, 90 ; eclipses of, 173 



Saturn, atmosphere of, 327 ; weight of, 154 ; 

 his ring seen by Galileo, 92 ; and Jupiter, 

 long inequality of, 269 



Saussure, De, on glaciers, 412 



Savery's engine, 246 



Scheele, discoveries of, 2-32 ; on chemical 

 rays of light, 316 



Schehallien experiment, 277 ; diagram of, 

 279 



Schiaparelli on August meteors, 298 



Schoeffer, Peter, the printer, 55 



Schwabe on periodicity of sun-spots, 354 



Science, definition - of, i ; of the Greeks, 

 7 ; decay of Greek, 35 ; of the Middle 

 Ages, 39, 59 ; of the Arabs, 39, 50 ; rise 

 of modem, 63 et seq. ; of s'xteenth cen- 

 tury, 82; seventeenth century, 182; 

 eighteenth century, 280 ; academies of, 

 124 ; lists of chief men of, 6, 38, 62, 86, 

 188, 286 



Scilla on Calabrian fossils, 216 



Scotland, glaciation of, 414 



Screw of Archimedes, 25 



Sea, land eaten away by the, 406, 408 



Seasons caused by obliquity of ecliptic, 20 



Section of the skin, 139 



Seebeck, Professor, discovers thermo-elec- 

 tricity, 352 



Seeds and germs, growth of compared, 

 141 ; classification of plants by, 71 



Seguin, M., on mechanical equivalent of 

 heat, 335 



Selection of animals by man, 428 ; Natural, 



429 _ 



Serapis, rise and sinking of temple of, 408 

 Servetus on circulation of blood, in 

 Seventeenth century, characteristic work 



f> 433 1 summary of science of the, 182, 



186 



Shooting-stars, a legend concerning, 297 

 Sicily, thickness of limestone rocks in, 407 

 Silkworm, Malpighi on structure of, 139 

 Simpson, Dr., on chloroform, 378 

 Sines of incident and refracted rays, 109 

 Sixteenth century, advance of science in 



the, 82, 433 



Skaptar Jokul, torrent of lava from, 408 

 Skin, section of, 139 

 Slough, Herschel's observatory at, 273, 295 



