INDEX. 



MOONS 



explained by Anaximander, 10 ; Thales 

 on reflection of the, 9 ; secondary light 

 of the, 89 ; movement of used by New- 

 ton to test his law of gravitation, 150 ; 

 Lagrange on libration of, 267 ; why she 

 turns the same face to us, 268 

 Moons, Jupiter's, go 

 Moraines of glaciers, 412 

 Moro, Lazzaro, on formation of strata, 216 

 Morse, his electric telegraph, 356, 361 

 Mother-of-pearl, cause of colours in, 309 

 Motion, conversion of, into heat, 332, 337 

 Mountain-chains, Eratosthenes studies, 29 

 Mouse consuming air in a bell-jar, 132 

 Mud carried down by the Ganges, 407 

 Murchison cited, 407 



Muscles, Haller on contraction of the, 197 

 Musical notes, Pythagoras on, 12 



N'APOLEON I. takes St.-HHaire to 

 Egypt, 391 

 Natural history of seventeenth century, 



I 37~ I 45 

 Natural philosophy, Leonardo da Vinci on, 



58 



Natural selection, theory of, 426-428 ; ob- 

 jection to the theory of, 428 ; difficulties 

 of natural history explained by, 431 ; 

 does not exclude Divine Power, 432 

 Natural system of plants, 211, 382 

 Nebulae, Herschel on the nature of, 275 : 



spectrum analysis of, 327 

 Nebular hypothesis, 271 

 Negative and positive electricity, 256, 262 

 Negro, colouring matter in skin of, 139 

 Neptune, position of found by Adams and 

 Leverrier, 292 ; seen ly < /alle, 294 ; his 

 moons, 295 



Neptunists and Vulcanists, 218 

 Nerves, Galen on two sets of, 34 

 Nestorians, science of the, 40 

 Neuchatel, erratic block near, 413 

 Newcomen's engine, 246 

 Newt, re-growth of eye of, 202 

 Newton, birth and early life of, 14 ; his 

 law of gravitation, 148-155, 183 ; his 

 method of fluxions, 148 ; on variation of 

 attraction, 152 ; on cause of tides, 154 ; 

 on specific gravity of planets, 154 ; on 

 shape of the earth, 154 ; on precession of 

 equinoxes, 154 ; on motion of comets, 

 155 ; on sound, 175 ; on chemical attrac- 

 tion, 229; on attraction of plumbline to 

 a mountain, 278 ; on lis^ht and colour, 

 148 ; on dispersion of light, 16^ 185 ex- 



PAPIN 



plains the spectrum, 166 ; and compound 

 nature of light, 165-167 ; his rotating 

 disc, 168 ; his work on chemistry de- 

 stroyed, 170; his work on optics, 169; 

 his theory of light, 174, 303 ; his charac- 

 ter and death, 170 



Newton, Prof., on falling stars, 229 



Nicholson on decomposition of water by 

 electricity, 364 



Nile, mud carried down by, n 



Nineteenth century, tendency of science of, 



43t 

 Nitrogen, compounds of oxygen with, 373 ; 



Rutherford on, 235 



Nitrous oxide, Davy's experiments on, 363 

 Nobili on animal electricity, 261 

 ' Novum Organum,' 103 

 Numerals, Indian, introduced into Europe, 



46 

 Nutation of earth's axis, 266 



OBLIQUITY of ecliptic, Anaxagoras 

 on, 21 



Observatory, Tycho's, 79 

 Oersted on electro-magnetism, 341 

 Olbers, Dr., discovers Pallas and Vesta, 



290 

 Optics, Alhazen on, 46 ; Porta on, 76 ; 



Kepler on, 96 ; Newton's work on, 169 

 ' Opus Majus ' of Roger Bacon, 51 

 Orbits of the planets, elliptical, 98 ; do not 



all lie in the same plane, 99 ; governed 



by gravitation, 151 

 Organic chemistry, foundation of, 190 ; 



Liebig on, 377 

 Organic sciences of nineteenth century too 



difficult to follow, 380 

 Organs, of digestion arranged by Hunter, 



199 : modification of, 381 ; St. Hilaire 011 



modification of, 393 

 ' Ossemens Fossiles ' published, 399 

 Ovid's ' Metamorphoses,' n 

 Oviparous and viviparous animals. 143 

 Oxford, early, meetings of Royal Society 



at, 325 

 Oxygen called ' fire-air * by Mayow, 134 ; 



discovered by Priestley and Scheele, sji- 



234 ; amount of in water, 3,72 ; compounds 



of with nitrogen, 373 



T)ADUA, Professors of, 67, 71, 81, no 



Palissy on fossil shells,, 215 

 Pallas discovered, 290 

 Papiu's engine, 246 



