MARINE ALGAL VEGETATION 127 



the summer. Many pools filled with decaying and dying algae." 

 The occurrence of algae so high up can be imagined only on a 

 very exposed coast facing the open sea, and even there it would 

 be exceptional. 



The dominant species of the vegetation in these high-lying pools 

 consisted of Fncns in flatus f. linearis. Intermixed occurred Chceto- 

 morpha Melagonium which I never before had seen so high above 

 sea-level Acrosiphonia sp., Dictyosiphon foeniculaceus , Pylaiella 

 littoralis and Enteromorpha intestinalis f. typica. The undergrowth 

 consisted of Hildenbrandia rosea. 



In another somewhat elevated and exposed place in the vicinity 

 of Vattarnes, a number of small pools were found just below the 

 Verrucaria maura-belt. Hildenbrandia and Verrucaria mncosa grew 

 on stones at the bottom of these pools; in addition, Fucus in flatus 

 f. linearis occurred fairly abundantly, although dying in the pools, 

 which were deficient in water. 



The lower pools in the upper littoral zone have a much more 

 luxuriant vegetation. Here various littoral and semi-littoral species 

 can grow in fair abundance. The water in these pools is replenished 

 at each high-water, so here, the plants exist under fairly favourable 

 conditions. The following species may occur dominantly or abun- 

 dantly: Fucus in flatus f. linearis, Halosaccion ramentaceum, Mono- 

 sir oma fuscum, Enteromorpha intestinalis, Monostroma Gremllei, Dic- 

 tyosiphon foeniculaceus and Castagnea virescens. 



Many species are found growing scattered, of which the fol- 

 lowing are most frequently met with: 



Polysiphonia urceolata. Phyllitis fascia. 



Porphyra miniata. Pylaiella litoralis. 



Rhodomela lycopodioides. Scytosiphon Lomentaria. 



Rhodymenia palmata. Chsetomorpha Melagonium. 



Chorda Filum. C. tortuosa. 



Chordaria flagelliformis. Cladophora gracilis. 



Coilodesme bulligera. 1 Monostroma undulatum. 



Ectocarpus confervoides. Ulothrix flacca. 



Elachista fucicola. Urospora Wormskioldii. 



The under- vegetation often consists of Ralfsia densta , Litho- 

 thamnion circumscriptum and Hildenbrandia rosea. 



Taken on the whole, the majority of the littoral species un- 

 doubtedly may be met with in the pools, and it should be especially 



1 It may be observed, as regards Coilodesme, tbat it is tbe more inflated 

 the lower the water is in the pools. 



