PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY 295 



cryptogams may, I think, be estimated at 400 450. Chr. Gron- 

 lund in 1884 enumerated 36(5 species (340 -f 26); E. Rostrup in 

 1887, 409 species (381 + 28); E. Warming in 1888, 417 (388 -f 29); 

 St. Stefansson in 1890, 423 species (395 + 28), but in "Islands 

 Flora," 1901, only 359 species; Helgi Jonsson recorded in 1896, 

 435 species, but in 1904, 360 species. It is thus seen that the number 

 of the species differs somewhat according to the different authors; 

 the reason for this I shall not enter into more closely here. For 

 comparison it may be mentioned that the number of species known 

 from the Faeroes (Ostenfeld, Botany of the Faroes) is about 300 

 species of phanerogams and vascular cryptogams, from Greenland 

 (E. Warming, 1888) 386 species, from Denmark about 1450 species, 

 from Norway 1500. In the following I give an account for com- 

 parison and orientation; it is based on E. Warming's statistics 

 (1888) and gives an excellent general idea of the subject, but it will 

 probably be somewhat modified in its details on a later revision of 

 the material. Warming records, according to what was known at 

 that time of the flora of the island, that of circumpolar species 

 there were found in Iceland 64, in Greenland 96 and in the Faeroes 

 36; of sub-boreal and sub-alpine species in Iceland 70, in Greenland 

 87 and in the Faeroes 33; and of temperate zonal species in Iceland 

 151, in Greenland 82 and in the Faeroes 134. Of species which 

 occur both in Europe and in America 48 are found in Iceland, 16 

 in Greenland, 47 in the Faeroes; of those common to America, Europe 

 and Spitzbergen 3 are found in Iceland, 5 in Greenland, 2 in the 

 Faeroes; in common with America alone Iceland has two species 

 only, Greenland 21 and the Faeroes none; in common with Europe 

 there occur in Iceland 42, in Greenland 19 and in the Faroes 54 

 species. Greenland has 222 species in common with Iceland, but 

 137 with the Faeroes; on the other hand, Iceland and tl.e Faeroes 



Akad. Forhandlingar, Stockholm, 1884, pp. 79124). E. Rostrup: Bidrag til Islands 

 Flora. (Bot. Tidsskrift XVI, 1888, pp. 168 186). Stefan Stefansson: Fra Islands 

 Vsextrige, I III. (Vidensk. Meddelelser fra Naturh. Foren. i Kobenhavn. 1890, pp. 

 166181; 1894, pp. 174 212; 1896, pp. 118153). O. Gelert og C. Ostenfeld: 

 Nogle Bidrag til Islands Flora. (Botan. Tidsskrift. XXI, 1898, pp. 339348). Helgi 

 Jonsson: Bidrag til 0st-Islands Flora. (Bot. Tidsskr., XX, 1896, pp. 327 357). 

 Helgi Jonsson: Floraen paa Snaefellsnes og Omegn. (Bot. Tidsskr., XXII, 1899, 

 pp. 169207). Helgi Jonsson: Liste over Karkryptogamer og Fanerogamer i Syd- 

 Island. (Bot. Tidsskr., XXVII, 1905. pp. 6282). As regards older botanical litera- 

 ture, see Bibliogr. in E. Warming: Den danske botaniske Literatur fra de seldste 

 Tider til 1880 (Botanisk Tidsskrift, XII, pp. 42-131, 158247) and in Th. Thorodd- 

 sen: "Landfraedissaga Islands," Vol. 4, Copenhagen, 1904. 



