46 



MORPHOLOGY OF STEMS AND BRANCHES. [LESSON 6. 



origin in 

 Fig. 75 



73 



of the bulb are the bases of leaves may be seen at once by follow- 

 ing any of the ground-leaves (root-leaves as they are incorrectly 



called) down to their 

 the bulb, 

 represents 



one of them from 

 the White Lily ; the 

 thickened base, which 

 makes a scale, being 

 cut off below, to show 

 its thickness. After 

 having lasted its time 

 and served its purpose as foliage, the green leaf dies, down to the 

 thickened base, which remains as a scale of the bulb. And year 

 after year, as the bulb grows from the centre, to produce the vege- 

 tation and the flowers of the season, the outer scales yield up their 

 store of nourishment for the purpose, and perish. 



110. Each scale, being a leaf, may have a bud in its axil. Some 

 of these buds grow into leafy and flowering stems 



above ground : others grow into new bulbs, feeding 

 on the parent, and at length destroying it, in the same 

 way that conns do, as just described (106). 



111. When the scales are broad and enwrap all 

 that is within so as to form a succession of coats, one 

 over another, the bulb is said to be tunicated or coated. 

 The Tulip, Hyacinth, Leek, and Onion afford such 

 familiar examples of coated bulbs that no figure is 

 needed. When the scales are narrow and separate, 

 as in the Lily (Fig. 73), the bulb is said to be scaly. 



112. BulbletS are small bulbs formed above ground 

 on some plants ; as in the axils of the leaves of the 

 common bulbiferous Lily of the gardens, and often in 

 the flower-clusters of the Leek and Onion. They are 

 plainly nothing but bulbs with thickened scales. They 

 never grow into branches, but detach themselves when 



75 



full grown, and fall to the ground, to take root there and form 

 new plants. 



113. From the few illustrations already given, attentive students 



FIG. 73. Bulb of the Meadow or Canada Lily. 74. The same, cut through lengthwise. 

 FIG. 75. A lower leaf of White Lily, with its base under ground thickened into a bulb- 

 scale. 



