LESSON 22.] 



GROWTH OF THE PLANTLET. 



141 



388. The Growth Of the Plantlet when it springs from the seed is 

 only a continuation of the same process. The bladder-like cells of 

 which the embryo consists multiply in number by the repeated 

 division of each cell into two. And the plantlet is merely the ag- 

 gregation of a vastly larger number of these cells. This may be 

 clearly ascertained by magnifying any part of a young plantlet. The 

 young root, being more transparent 



than the rest, answers the purpose 

 best. Fig. 56, on page 30, repre- 

 sents the end of the rootlet of Fig. 

 55, magnified enough to show the 

 cells that form the surface. Fig. 

 337 and 338 are two small bits of 

 the surface more highly magnified, 

 showing the cells still larger. And 

 if we make a thin slice through the 

 young root both lengthwise and 

 crosswise, and view it under a good 



microscope (Fig. 340), we may per- 333 



ceive that the whole interior is made up of just such cells. It is 

 the same with the young stem and the leaves (Fig. 355, 357). 

 It is essentially the same in the full-grown herb and the tree. 



389. So the plant is an aggregation of countless millions of little 

 vesicles, or cells (Fig. 339), as they are called, essentially like the 



cell it began with in the formation of the embryo (Fig. 

 329) ; and this first cell is the foundation of the whole 

 structure, or the ancestor of all the rest. And a plant 

 is a kind of structure, built up of these individual cells, 

 something as a house is built of bricks, only the 

 bricks or cells are not brought to the forming plant, 

 but are made in it and by it ; or, to give a better 

 comparison, the plant is constructed much as a honeycomb is built 

 up of cells, only the plant constructs itself, and shapes its own 

 materials into fitting forms. 



390. And vegetable growth consists of two things ; 1st, the ex- 

 pansion of each cell until it gets its full size (which is commonly not 

 more than of an inch in diameter) ; and 2d, the multiplication 



FIG. 337. Tissue from the rootlet of a seedling Maple, magnified, showing root-hairs. 

 338. A small portion, more magnified. 



FIG. 339. One coll, like those of Fig. 340, detached. 



