GLOSSARY. 227 



Polyphjllous : many-leaved ; formed of several distinct pieces, as the calyx of 



Sedum, fig. 168, Flax, fig. 174, &c. 



Polyse'palous : same as the last when applied to the calyx ; p. 103. 

 Polysperinous : many-seeded. 



Pome: the apple, pear, and similar fleshy fruits ; p. 128. 

 Porous : full of holes or pores. 



Pouch : the silicic or short pod, as of Shepherd's Purse ; p. 133. 

 Prcefloration i same as aestivation; p. 108. 

 Pro 3 foliation : same as vernation; p. 75. 

 Prcemdrse : ending abruptly, as if bitten off. 



Prickles : sharp elevations of the bark, coming off with it, as of the Rose ; p. 39. 

 Prickly : bearing prickles, or sharp projections like them. 

 Primine: the outer coat of the covering of the ovule ; p. 124. 

 Primordial : earliest formed ; primordial leaves are the first after the cotyledons. 

 Prismatic : prism-shaped ; having three or more angles bounding flat or hollowed 



sides. 



Process : any projection from the surface or edge of a body. 

 Procumbent : trailing on the ground ; p. 37. 

 Produced : extended or projecting, as the upper sepal of a Larkspur is produced 



above into a spur ; p. 91, fig. 183. 

 Proliferous (literally, bearing offspring) : where a new branch rises from an 



older one, or one head or cluster of flowers out of another, as in Filago 



Germanica, &c. 



Prostrate : lying flat on the ground. 



Proteine: a vegetable product containing nitrogen ; p. 165. 

 Protoplasm : the soft nitrogenous lining or contents of cells ; p. 165. 

 Priiinose, Pruinate : frosted ; covered with a powder like hoar-frost. 

 Piiberulent : covered with fine and short, almost imperceptible down. 

 Pubescent : hairy or downy, especially with fine and soft hairs or pubescence. 

 Pulve'rulent, or Pulveraceous : dusted ; covered with fine powder, or what looks 



like such. 



Puh-inate : cushioned, or shaped like a cushion. 

 Punctate: dotted, either with minute holes or what look as such (as the leaves of 



St. John's-wort and the Orange), or with minute projecting dots. 

 Pungent : very hard, and sharp-pointed ; prickly-pointed. 

 Putdmcn : the stone of a drupe, or the shell of a nut ; p. 128. 

 Pyramidal : shaped like a pyramid. 



Pyre'ne, Pyrena : a seed-like nutlet or stone of a small drupe. 

 Pyxis, Pyjadium : a pod opening round horizontally by a lid ; p. 133, fig. 298, 311. 



Quadri-, in words of Latin origin : four ; as 



Quadrangular : four-angled. Qiiadrifoliate : four-leaved. 



Quddrifid: four-cleft; p. 62. 



Quate'rnate : in fours. Quinate: in fives. 



Quincuncial : in a quincunx ; when the parts in aestivation are five, two of them 



outside, two inside, and one half out and half in, as shown in the calyx, 



fig. 224. 

 Quintuple : five-fold. 



