516 METHODS FOE INVERTEBRATES. 



LONNBERG (Centmlb. Bakteriol., xi, 1892, p. 89 ; Journ. Roy. 

 Mic. Soc., 1892, p. 281) has kept Tricenophorus nodulosus alive for 

 a month in a slightly acid pepsin-peptone solution containing from 

 3 to 4 per cent, of nutritive matter and less than 1 per cent, of 

 NaCL 



For the nervous system, TOWER (Zoo?. Am., xix, 1896, p. 323) 

 fixes in a picro-platin-osmic mixture (stronger than that of 0. VOM 

 RATH, 101) for ten hours, then treats for several hours with crude 

 pyroligneous acid, and lastly with alcohol, and embeds in paraffin. 



ZERNECKE (Zool. Jahrb., Abth. Anat., ix, 1895, p. 92) kills Ligula 

 in the osmio-bichromic mixture of GOLGI (4 : 1), impregnates as 

 usual, makes sections in liver, and treats them by the hydroquinon 

 process of KALLIUS. Besides the peripheral and central nervous 

 system, muscle-fibres, parenchyma cells, and the excretory vascular 

 system are impregnated. 



He has also obtained good results by the methyl en- blue method. 



BLOCHMANN (Biol. Centralb., xv, 1895, p. 14) recommends the 

 bichromate and sublimate method of GOLGI. 



See also KOHLER, Zeit. wiss. Zool., Ivii, 1894, p. 386 (stretches Tsenise 

 round a glass plate or on cork, and fixes with 5 per cent, sublimate) ; 

 LUHE, Centralb. Bakt., xxx, 1901, p. 166, and RANSOM, U. 8. Nation, 

 Mus. Bull, Ixix, 1909, p. 8. 



968. Trematodes. If necessary, clean by shaking up in 1 per cent, 

 saline (parasites). Decant off dirty liquid, one-third of the tube is 

 filled again with 1 per cent, saline, in which the worms are shaken 

 vigorously, and an equal quantity of HgCl 2 solution is added 

 quickly, the vigorous shaking being continued for several minutes 

 thereafter. This treatment should kill the flukes in an extended 

 condition. Leave in the fixer as indicated (corrosive one or two 

 days, wash in water twelve hours if 10 per cent, formalin be substi- 

 tuted for the HgCl 2 ; leave about same time and store in 3 per cent, 

 formalin). 



FISCHER (Zeit. wiss. Zool., 1884, p. 1). Opisthotrema cochleare 

 may be mounted entire in balsam. For sectioning, he recommends 

 a mass made by dissolving 15 parts of soap in 17-5 parts of 96 per 

 cent, alcohol. The sections should be studied in glycerin. 



Lo BIANCO fixes Trematodes with hot saturated sublimate. 



Looss (Arch. mik. Anat., 1895, p. 7) takes for Bilharzia warm 

 (50 to 60 C.) 1 per cent, sublimate in 70 per cent, alcohol. 



BETTENDORP (Zool. Jahrb., Abth. Morph., x, 1897, p. 308) has had 

 good results with the rapid Golgi method only on Distoma hepaticum, 

 and prefers methylen blue. 



