CHAPTER XXXVI. 541 



For mitochondria and Golgi apparatus of a sporozoon, J. HTRSCHLER 

 (Anat. Am., xlvii, 1914 15) used the Mann-Kopsch method, 693. 



1020. Demonstration of Cilia (WADDINGTON, Journ. Roy. Mic. 

 Soc., 1883, p. 185). A drop of solution of tannin, or a trace of 

 alcoholic solution of sulphurous acid, added to the water containing 

 the living organisms is efficacious. 



1021. Fixing and Preserving. Protozoa may be killed by heat, 

 by toxic vapours or by toxic liquids. Almost instantaneous fixation 

 can sometimes be obtained by steam or by iodine (Kent) or iodine 

 vapour (Overton) : see 83. 



E. S. GOODRICH (Quart. Journ. Micr. Science, Ixiv, 1919) modifies 

 Kent's method in a way which we have found useful for amoebae. 

 A strong solution of iodine in potassium iodide is diluted to about 

 the colour of sherry with normal saline for terrestrial and fresh 

 water animals, and with sea water for marine organisms. Such a 

 solution is run under the coverslip and followed by the definitive 

 fixing agent, e.g., Bouin's fluid, etc., and the preparation proceeded 

 with in the usual way. The iodine does not appear to destroy any 

 of the cell contents. 



With regard to fixation, read 29, 30, 655, 663, and especially 

 673 to 713. See also the important section from 768 to 772, 

 dealing with fats. 



WOODCOCK and WILSON'S Modification o Schaudinn's Fixative 

 (Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. B., ccvii, 1916, p. 379 ; and Univ. Calif. 

 Pub., xvi, 1916, p. 244). Woodcock gives saturated aqueous 

 sublimate, 2 parts ; absolute alcohol, 1 part ; and acetic acid, 

 5 per cent. Wilson uses alcoholic sublimate -f- 5 per cent, acetic. 

 See also Gilson and Petrunkewitsch fluids, 69, and acetic alcohol, 

 86. For Schaudinn's original fixative, refer to 1031. 



Lucidol or Peroxide of Benzol. See 107 and 783. 



For killing by heat, see 13. 



PFITZNER (Morph. Jahrb., xi, 1885, p. 454) used concentrated 

 solution of picric acid run in under the cover. 



ENTZ (Zool. Anz., iv, 1881, p. 575) adds liquid of Kleinenberg to 

 the water containing the organisms in a watch glass. 



KORSCHELT (ibid., v, 1882, p. 217) employs in the same way 

 1 per cent, osmic acid, or, for Amoebae, 2 per cent, chromic acid. 



LANSBERG (ibid., p. 336) advises the same reagents, but recom- 

 mends bringing the organisms into the fixing liquid with a pipette. 



For sulphurous acid, 62. 



CATTANEO (Bollettino Scientific^, iii and iv ; Journ. Roy. Mic. 



