CHAPTER XXXVI. 511 



See also M. LEWIS, Anat. Anz., xii, 1896, p. 292 ; ATHESON, ibid., 

 xvi, 1899, p. 497 ; and the methods of APATHY 342, 368, 371, and 

 834. 



958. Hirudinea. For the methods of killing see those given for 

 Lumbricus in 955, also 20 to 26, and 49. 



WHITMAN (Meth. in mic. Anat., p. 27) recommends that they be 

 killed with sublimate. 



I have obtained better results myself by narcotising with carbonic 

 acid ( 26), and fixing with liquid of Flemming. I have also found 

 that lemon juice kills them in a state of very fair extension. 



APATHY succeeds with alcohol of 40 per cent. 



GRAF (Jen. Zeit., 1893, p. 165) has obtained good results by nar- 

 cotising with a decoction of tobacco. 



959. Injection. WHITMAN (Amer. Natural., 1886, p. 318) states 

 that very perfect natural injections may often be obtained from 

 leeches that have been hardened in weak chromic acid or other 

 chromic liquid. 



JACQUET (Mitth. Zool. Stat. Neapel, 1885, p. 298), for artificial 

 injections, puts leeches into water with a very small quantity of 

 chloroform, and allows them to remain a day or two in the water 

 before injecting them. 



960. Nervous System. Impregnation with gold. BRISTOL (Journ. 

 of Morph., xv, 1898, p. 17) kills in formic acid of 15 to 20 per cent., 

 puts for twenty-five minutes into 1 per cent, gold chloride, reduces 

 in formic acid of 1 per cent, (twelve to eighteen hours), and embeds 

 in paraffin. See also 342, 368, 371 and 834. 



961. Nephridia. SHEARER (Quart. Journ. Micr. ScL, Iv, 1910, 

 p. 288) stains Histriobdella intra vitam with a very weak solution of 

 Methyl blue, which allows the course of the nephridia to be made out. 



962. Gephyrea. VOGT and YUNG (Anat. Comp. Prat., p. 373) 

 direct that Siphunculus nudus be kept for some days in perfectly 

 clean basins of sea water, changed every day, in order that the 

 intestine of the animals may be got free from sand, and then 

 anaesthetised with chloroform. 



WARD (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Cambridge, Harvard Coll., xxi, 3, 

 p. 144) puts them into a shallow dish with sea water and pours 5 per 

 cent, alcohol in a thin film on to the surface of the water, and as soon 

 as they make no contractions on being stimulated removes to 50 

 per cent, alcohol. 



