MORPHOLOGY OF THE SEED I /I 



crayons than by the black and white lines here made neces- 

 sary by the method of engraving. The food substance may 

 be represented by small circles of blue, or of some other color. 



In 7 (a) they should not run to details of little importance, 

 and resemblances should be emphasized as well as differences. 



About this time a tendency will manifest itself to turn the 

 precious laboratory hours into a drawing lesson ; this must be 

 firmly met by making it plain that the laboratory time is for 

 observation and essentials of recording, and that all niceties 

 must be added in outside time, though rapid workers may 

 naturally be permitted some liberty in this respect. 



No new terms are needed except endosperm and albumen, 

 the latter only in connection with the compounds " albumi- 

 nous" and " ex-albuminous" It is best not to give at all any 

 terms of very limited application, such as " scutellum." As to 

 tools, a knife or scalpel may be used for sectioning, and a lens 

 for the Morning-glory (after they have tried to work without 

 it) . Tools and terms should be given only after students have 

 been made to feel the need for them. 



While the subject of the structure of the seed is fresh in 

 memory it will be well for them to read the very fine chapter 

 on this subject in either of Dr. Gray's text-books. Many 

 additional exercises on seeds are outlined in Spalding's and in 

 SetchelFs books ; and if other materials for the next following 

 exercises are wanting, or some students manifest a special 

 interest in the subject, these may well be introduced. But for 

 most students it is more profitable to pass on to other subjects 

 than to spend additional time upon this. Considerable simple 

 physiological experimentation upon the growth of seeds in 

 relation to temperature, light, moisture, and oxygen, is possible, 

 and described in Bergen's Botany. Most of these facts thus 

 proved, however, are not specially characteristic of seeds, but 



