BOTANICAL BOOKS AND THEIR USE 131 



ell's " Laboratory Practice for Beginners in Botany," 

 which is confined to the higher plants and excludes 

 practical physiology, though it gives great attention to 

 ecology. It is prepared upon the unusual plan of 

 telling the student in detail what he will see a plan 

 that few teachers consider pedagogically profitable. 

 MacBride's " Lessons in Botany" is excellent within its 

 limits, but it is too exclusively structural. Older books 

 of this class, but excellent and influential nevertheless, 

 are the botanical part of Huxley and Martin's " Ele- 

 mentary Biology ' and Arthur, Barnes, and Coulter's 

 " Manual of Plant Dissection." The latter work, in 

 particular, has been much and profitably used in this 

 country. Many practical laboratory directions are 

 given in several of the text-books to be mentioned 

 below, notably Bergen's, Barnes's, and Atkinson's. 



Intermediate between these laboratory guides and 

 true text-books come books that are primarily guides 

 to observation, though they may also give much infor- 

 mation, and to some extent are usable as text-books. 

 A very notable and excellent work of this sort is L. H. 

 Bailey's " Lessons with Plants," a book replete with 

 suggestions, new points of view, and valuable infor- 

 mation. Another in the same spirit, but less elaborate, 

 is Miss Newell's "Outlines of Lessons in Botany" with 

 its accompanying valuable Readers. 



We pass next to consider text-books proper- -works 

 intended to be studied fully and carefully by the mdi- 



