LOCOMOTION OF SEEDS 1/3 



from your reading, of the anatomy, morphology, 

 and ecology of the seed. This is to be handed in 

 (here the date). 



Essays are to be written in ink in the Essay Book 

 only. Each is to be preceded by a tabular out- 

 line of its contents. 



Materials. These must chiefly be collected beforehand in 

 the summer. Good ones are Maple, Asclepias, Agrimony, 

 Spruce or Pine, Desmodium, Ptelea, Elm, Xanthium, Burdock, 

 Bidens, Dandelion, Tecoma or Catalpa, Galium, Castor Bean, 

 Geranium maculatum. It is desirable to have, as in this list, 

 some seeds and some " fruits." The museum collection, in- 

 cluding some of the more remarkable kinds, will here be very 

 valuable. The use of berries and other pulpy fruits should 

 be explained by the teacher, since it could hardly be imagined 

 from laboratory study; their morphology more properly comes 

 later in the section " Fruits." 



Pedagogics. This exercise is for further training in obser- 

 vation, comparison (morphology), and for an introduction to 

 ecology (i.e. adaptation to conditions of the external world). 



In morphology the student should trace out from exactly 

 what part the appendage is developed, whether from seed-coat, 

 ovary, style, or calyx. To aid in this, the teacher must give 

 some account of the structure of the flower and fruit. To 

 distinguish whether a given structure is seed-coat or ovary, 

 dissection will be necessary. He will thus discover that what 

 are ecologically the same structures may have very different 

 morphological* origins ; from which he should be led, after the 

 ecological use of the parts has been learned, to infer the great 

 importance of function in developing structures. 



