LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



xv 



PLATE 46. 

 PLATE 47. 



FIG. 28. 

 PLATE 48. 

 PLATE 49. 

 PLATE 50. 

 PLATE 51. 

 PLATE 52. 

 PLATE 53. 



PLATE 5-;. 



PLATE 55. 



PLATE 56. 



FIG. 29. 



PLATE 57. 

 PLATE 58. 

 PLATE 59. 



FIG. 30. 

 PLATE 60. 



PLATE 61. 

 PLATE 62. 



PLATE 63. 



PLATE 64. 



FIG. 31. 



PLATE 65. 



FIG. 32. 

 FIG. 33. 



PLATE 66. 

 PLATE 67. 

 PLATE 68. 



FIG. 34. 



FIG. 35. 



FIG. 36. 

 PLATE 69. 



PLATE 70. 



Fossil skeleton of Phenacodus priinceints . . . Following 



Changes in foot-structure and teeth in fossil and recent species of 



the horse family ....... Following 



Map of southeastern Asia, the East Indies, and Australia 



A. Bluefish. B. Sand flounder ..... Following 



A. Field sparrows. B. Quail ..... 



Woodcock on nest " 



A. Nighthawk. 



B. Humming-bird's nest 



Tree lizards on oak bark ...... 



Protectively colored mammals. A. '-Cotton-tail" rabbit. 



/>'. Thirteen-striped spermophile .... Folio-wing 

 A. Conv (OtocJwna) among rocks. B. Moth on bark 

 Protectively colored woods-moths. (In color) . 

 Protectively colored caterpillars. (In color) 

 A straw-colored spider (Tetragnatha grallator} in its accustomed 



position on a blade of dead grass ...... 



Snow grouse in winter, spring, summer, and fall plumage 



Following 

 Grass porgy, showing changes in color occurring in a few 



moments ........ Following 



Color adaptation in pups of Pier is rape? and I'a/iessa nrticcc. 



(In color) ....... .Following 



Twig-like caterpillar of the moth Selcnia tetralunaria . 

 Caterpillar of the moth Catocala ainatri.v. on a poplar twig . 



Following 



A. " Walking sticks " on a twig. B. " Moss insect " . 

 Leaf insects. A. Locust (Cycloptera). B. Mantis {PhylliuHi) 



C. Longicorn beetle (Mormolyce) .... Following 

 Logoa opercularis and L. crispata, adults, larva?, and cocoons 



Following 



Spiders whose color and shape render them difficult to see " 

 A crab ( Cryptolithod.es sitchensis) which resembles a pebble 

 Sargassum fish (Pterophryne histrio} in a tuft of floating seaweed 



(In color) ........ Following 



A -sea-horse" (Hippocampus} ....... 



Tree-frogs whose backs resemble oak leaves in color and color 



pattern ........... 



A. Tree-frog on bark. B. Common toads . . Following 



Weasels in winter and in summer pelage 



A. Tiger. //. Jaguar ...... 



Polar bear ........... 



Arctic fox, in winter and in summer pelage ..... 



A mantis (Hymenopus) which resembles an orchid blossom 

 Warning form and coloration in : A. Two bugs (Prwnotns and 



Eitcliistics}. B. Lady-beetles. C. Colorado potato beetle . 



Following 

 Warning coloration and mimicry in moths. (In color) 



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