XIV 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



9- 

 10. 



11. 



12. 



13- 



14. 



PLATE 29. 



PLATE 30. 



FIG. 7. 



PLATE 31. 



PLATE 32. 



PLATE 33. 



PLATE 34. 



FIG. 8. 



FIG. 



FIG. 



FIG. 



FIG. 



FIG. 



FIG. 



FIG. 15. 



FIG. 16. 

 PLATE 35. 

 PLATE 36. 



PLATE 37. 



FIG. 17. 



FIG. i 8. 



FIG. 19. 

 PLATE 38. 



FIG. 20. 

 PLATE 39. 

 PLATE 40. 

 PLATE 41. 



FIG. 21. 



FIG. 22. 



FIG. 23. 



PLATE 42. 



FIG. 24. 

 PLATE 43. 



FIG. 25. 



FIG. 26. 

 Pi. ATI-: 44. 

 PLATE 45. 



FIG. 27. 



B. Stasjhorn beetle, 



Following 



. Following 



Xiphophorus 



. Following 



A. Male and female seventeen-year cicada, 

 males and female . 



Male and female Hercules beetle 



Heads of male and female beetles 



Male, female, and larva of Cliauliodes cornutits . 



Male and female fish: A. Callionymns lyra. B. 

 heller ii 



A. Male and female dragon-fly (Caloptery.v inacn la/a). B. Male, 

 female, and larva of crested newt (Triton cristatns) Following 



Males and females of different species of lizards . 



Secondary sexual characters in copepods 



Locusts from the Galapagos Islands 



Map of Oahu, Hawaiian Islands . 



Viola cucullata .......... 



Viola rostrata .... 



Solea concolor ..... . 



Skeletons of the fore limbs of various vertebrates 



Vestigial bones of the hind limbs in a boa constrictor 



Skeleton of Greenland whale 



Apteryx anstralis ....... Following 



Eyes of various vertebrates, showing the nictitating membrane 



Following 



Hair tracts on the arms and hands of a man and a male chim- 

 panzee ......... Following 



Muscles of the human ear ........ 



Three fishes, showing stages in the loss of eyes and color . 



Stages in the development of the pond snail (Lymnceits) 



Embryos of various vertebrates ..... Following 



Tadpole of salamander 



American lobster ....... Following 



A. Central nervous system of crawfish. II. "Blue crabs" 



./. l - J/ys/s stage" in the development of the American lobster. 

 B. Mysis stenolepis. C. Leg of A/ysz's stenolepis . Following 



Three stages in the development of a crab ..... 



Hydra. A diagrammatic longitudinal section .... 



Gastrula of a coral polyp (MontJivnia tiarwinii) .... 



Longitudinal sections of gastrulae of: A. frog, young 

 older. C. chick ...... 



Longitudinal sections of gastrulae of various animals 



Antlers of a stag, showing the addition of new branches in suc- 

 cessive years ....... Following 



Fossil deer antlers ......... 



Successive forms of Paludina from the tertiary deposits of Slavonia 



Arckee&pteryx lithographica ..... Following 



Fossil skeletons of: A. Hesperornis rcgalis. B. Ichthyornis 



victor. C. Phrodactyliis spectabilis . . . Following 



Skeleton of a crow . ...... 



B. frog. 

 Following 



50 

 50 

 5 2 

 52 



52 

 S^ 



57 

 62 



64 

 88 

 89 

 90 

 92 

 94 

 94 

 94 



94 



94 

 95 

 95 

 97 

 98 

 98 

 98 

 98 



98 



too 



101 

 IO2 



102 

 103 



106 

 107 

 1 08 

 108 



1 08 

 no 



