PREFACE ix 



Richmond, Miss Mary J. Rathbun, Mr. Nathan Banks, and 

 Professor L. H. Merrill; 



For generously giving permission to copy certain figures, 

 to the Open Court Publishing Company, Macmillan Com- 

 pany, D. Appleton & Company, Edward Arnold, Bradlee 

 Whidden, Swan Sonnenschem & Company, Smith, Elder & 

 Company, Charles Scribner's Sons, E. P. Dutton Company, 

 to Professor August Weismann, Professor E. B. Poulton, 

 Dr. and Mrs. G. W. Peckham, Rev. Dr. H. C. McCook, 

 Mr. A. R. Dugmore, Dr. F. M. Chapman, President D. S. 

 Jordan, Professor Vernon L. Kellogg, and Hon. Addison 

 Brown ; 



For kindly sell i no- the rio-ht to use certain figures, to 



^ o o o 



Doubleday, Page & Company, A. & C. Black, the Autotype 

 Company, and A. G. Wallihan ; 



For assistance in revising certain paragraphs, to Dr. C. 

 Hart Merriam and Professor \V. B. Clark ; 



For assistance in revising proof of all of the illustrations, 

 to Mr. Max BroedeL 



