COLOR IN ANIMALS 



133 



odor, though not very offensive to us, is so to most insect- 

 eating creatures. Mr. Bates observed that, when set out to 

 dry, specimens of Hcliconidtc were less subject to the attacks 

 of vermin ; while both he and I noticed that they were not 



/ 



attacked by insect-eating birds or dragon-flies, and that 

 their wings were not found in the forest paths among the 



O 



numerous wino-s of other butterflies whose bodies had been 



O 



devoured." 



Among the Amphibia the frogs are edible and are pro- 

 tectively colored. Toads are distasteful, but show a dull 

 color which is probably aggressive, aiding them in capturing 

 their insect prey (Plate 



1 J 



66, B). The salaman- 

 ders, on the other hand, 



are night feeders and 



O 



FlG. 37. Salamander {Salarnandra maculosa). 

 From Brehm's Thici'li-bcn, 



do not need to be ag- 

 gressivelv colored, and 



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we frequently find them 



v e r v co n s p i c u o u s 1 v 

 i j 



spotted, since they are 

 inedible (Fig. 37). 



Lizards, almost without exception, show dull colors, or 

 colors that are in harmony with their environment, their col- 

 oration being both protective and aggressive (Plate 52). It 

 is, therefore, especially interesting to find that the only known 

 poisonous lizard, the Gila monster of our southwestern states, 

 is a conspicuously colored form, salmon-pink with broad 

 irregular black bands and blotches (Plate 72, A). 



The Mammalia as a rule show aggressive or protective 



*T!>O 



coloration in harmony with their surroundings; the skunk. 

 however, which is so effectively protected by the foul-smelling 



