INDEX 



203 



Species, mean, 19; meaning of, 88; preser- 

 vation of species, not of individual, se- 

 cured by natural selection, 187. 



Spermophile, protective color, PI. 53. 



Sphinx convoh'idi, PI. 5J. 



Spiders, aggressive coloration, 126, PI. 75,- 

 aggressive mimicry of ants, 145 ; enemies 

 of, 121; protective coloration, 120, PI. 

 75, Pl.Sj ; protective resemblances, 124, 

 PL 64; resembling bird excrement, 127; 

 sexual coloration, PI. Sj ; sexual selec- 

 tion, 50, Fl. - . 



Spiloniyia ha mi f era, PI. 77. 



Spinal column, curvature in man an 1 apes, 

 1 66, PI. 99. 



Spizella, pusilla, PL 49. 



Sports, 19, 39, 46. 



Sprouts, Brussels, PI. 7. 



Squirrel, confusing coloration, 148. 



Stability of certain species, 9. 



Staghorn beetle, 51, PL 29. 



Starfish, birth-rate, 13, 17. 



Stearns, PI. 3. 



Sterility, domestic races not mutually sterile, 

 31; of crosses between certain individ- 

 uals, 66; of crosses between species, 31 ; 

 of hybrids, 31, 41; of soma cells, 71; 

 of worker bees, recently acquired, 77; 

 starting-point in formation of species, 



32. 

 Stick-like insects, 122, PI. 61 ; spider, PL 



64. 



Stridulating organs, 51, PL ^9. 

 Struggle for existence, 10-18; between near 



relatives, 25; man, 169. 

 Summary, of Part I, 82; of color in animals, 



'5 1 - 



Supernaturalism, Intro, ix, x. 



Superstition, Intro, ix. 



Survival of the fittest, 15, 18. 



Swamping of varieties by cross breeding, 



40-47. 



Swedish turnip, PL 7. 

 Synageles picala, PL 28. 



Tadpole, of salamander, qS. 



Tail, vestigial muscles in man, 165, PL 95. 



Taxonomy, 88. 



Teeth, deterioration of human, 170; man 



and gorilla, 164, PL 92. 

 Tegetmeier, PI. 12-15, pl - l8 < pl - J 9> P1 - 2 4- 

 Tendency, inherent, in evolution, iSS; in 



variation, 40. 

 Terrifying attitude, 139, 140, 142, Pl. 78. 



Tetragnatha grallator, 120; laboriosa, Pl. 



S3- 

 "Theory of Descent, Lectures on the" 



(Weismann), 189. 

 "Thierleben" (Brehm), 4, 22, 31, 133, Pl. 



24, Pl. 30, Pl. 33, Pl. 62, Pl. 99. 

 Tkomisida, 129. 

 Thompson, J. A., 189. 

 Thyroidopteryx ephemeriformis, 21. 

 Tiger, aggressive coloration, 129, Pl. 68. 

 Timor, friar-bird and oriole, 144. 

 Timor Laut, friar-bird and oriole, 144. 

 Toad, aggressive coloration, 126, 133, PL 



66; rejects noxious insects, 130. 

 Tody, green, protective coloration, 119. 

 Tortoise, embryos, Fl. jS. 

 Trailing arbutus, odor, 154; variation, 7. 

 Transparency of pelagic animals, 117. 

 Tree-frogs, protective coloration, 125, PL 



66. 

 Tree-hopper, mimicry of leaf-cutting ants, 



137- n-75- 



Trillium grandiflorum, PL 2. 



Triton cristatus, 52, PL 33 : punctatus, 52. 



Troch ilium a pi form?, PL JO. 



Tropidorhynch us, 1 44. 

 Tunicates, transparency of pelagic, 117. 

 Turkey cock, 49, PL 27. 

 Turnip, 29, PL q; Swedish, PL 7. 

 Turtle, embryos, Pl. jS ; nictitating mem- 

 brane, PL 36. 

 Twig-like caterpillars, 122, PL 60. 



Typhlichthys, 95. 



Uloborus plumipes, PL 64. 



Unicellular organisms and inheritance of 

 parental modifications, 68. 



Unselfishness in marriage, I So. 



L'rsics maritimus, 126. 



Use and disuse, Intro, xi ; effects of, 68 ; 

 inheritance of effects of, 72, 73. 



"Utility" (Romanes), 189. 



Utility, and segregation, 67; uselessness of 

 certain specific characters, 32 ; useless- 

 ness of organs in their beginnings, 37. 



Vaccination, 171. 



Vanessa, c-album, PL j6 ; io, 121 ; urtiac, 

 PL j6, PL 59. 



Variation, 7-10, 18, 39 ; advantageous when 

 environment changing, 27 ; causes of, 

 79, So, Si ; degree of divergence, 9, 39 ; 

 fluctuating, 18; in Xeritina, 9, frontis- 

 piece ; in Paludesti-ina, PL j ; in trailing 



