5T4 



D1COTYLEDONES. 



spaces ; a smaller number are forest-forms. They abound especially in open 

 districts in America. 



Among the substances frequently found may be mentioned : INULIN (especially 

 in the subterranean parts), BITTER materials, Tannin, volatile oils, fatty oils in 

 the fruits. MEDICINAL:* "Herba" of Artemisia absinthium (Wormwood) and 

 maritima^ (Sea-wormwood), Acliilleamillefolium; the leaves of Cnicits benedict its 

 and Tussilago farfara ; the unopened capitula of Artemida maritima, var. stech- 

 manniana; the capitula of Tanacetuin,Matricariachamomilla-\ (wild.Champmile), 

 Anthemis nobilis i (common Chamomile) ; the separate flowers of A rnica ; the 

 roots of Arnica montana^, Taraxacum oflicliiale\, Anacyclns officinariim^, Lappa 

 major, -minor, uemorosa and tomcntona, Inula helenium and Artemisia rul<iaris; 

 the latex of Lactuca inros'it. The following are cultivated for food: Lactncn, 

 sativa (Lettuce), Cichorium endiria (from E. Asia, for salads), Cyiiara scolymus 

 (Artichoke, Mediterranean), Scorzonera hispanica (S. Eur.), Helianthus ttiberosus 

 (Jerusalem Artichoke, from N. Am., introduced into Europe 1616), Cichorium 

 intyl/iis (roots as "chicory,") Tragopoijon ponifolium (Salsafy), Artemisia dra- 

 cnnculus. OIL is extracted from the following (the seeds) : Helianthus annuus 

 (Peru), Madia sativa (Chili), Giiizotia oleifera (Abyssinia). DYES from : Car- 

 thainu* tinctorius (Safflower, used in the preparation of rouge; Egypt), Serratnla 

 tinctoria. INSECT- POVVDKR from: Pijrethruin cinerariifoliuin (Dalmatia) and 

 roseitm (Persia, Caucasus). The following are cultivated in houses and gardens 

 for the sake of their scented leaves: Tanacetum balsamita (Balsam), Arte- 

 mi-,ia abrotaiium (Southernwood) and A. argentea. A great many of the genera 

 enumerated are cultivated in dwelling-houses for the sake of the flowers ; 

 e.g. Pericallis cutenta (generally termed " Cineraria "). Asteriscus pygmceus is 

 supposed to be the genuine " Rose of Jericho " ; the involuoral leaves envelop 

 the fruits after their ripening and keep them enclosed for 8-10 months until 

 rain occurs. 



* Those marked with a t are officinal. 



